Download Physical science 20 – Sound Review

Physical science 20 – Sound Review
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Define sound.
What is the range of sound for the human ear?
Describe the two main properties of sound?
What is the speed of sound at 0°C? What is the equation for the determining the speed
of sound?
5. What is the speed of sound if the air temperature is at each of the following:
a. 32°C
b. -45°C
c. 12°C
6. Describe the scale that is used to measure the intensity of sound.
7. Define the following:
a. Compression
b. Rarefaction
c. Infrasonic
d. Ultrasonic
e. Intensity
f. Mach number
g. Supersonic
h. Subsonic
i. The Doppler Effect
j. Echo
k. Sonar
l. Beat frequency
m. Standing wave
n. Node
o. Anti-node
p. Loop
q. Fundamental
r. Overtone
s. Resonance
8. A sound is emitted from a guitar, with a frequency of 456 Hz. If the air temperature is
12°C, what is the wavelength of the sound wave?
9. Briefly describe how the human ear works from the time the sound wave enters the ear
to the time it is changed to an electrical impulse sent to the brain in the optical nerve.
10. If a tuning fork vibrates at 45 vibrations in 9 seconds. What is the frequency of the
sound wave?
11. A student is standing at the edge of a cliff and yells something. If the cliff is 45 m away
from another face and the air temperature is 45°C, how long did it take for the sound to
reach the cliff, echo, and return to the student?
12. Describe using the terms, diffraction and reflection, why you can hear sounds around a
corner while you cannot see around a corner.
13. Describe why an ambulance siren changes in pitch as it approaches then passes an
observer. Does the intensity of the sound change?
14. What is the observed frequency that you will hear as an ambulance is moving towards
you at 50.0 km/h when its siren has a frequency of 230 Hz. What is the frequency after
the ambulance has passed you? (vw = 340 m/s)
15. What occurs when two speakers are placed side by side and produce a sound wave at
the same frequency? Draw a diagram to show the phenomenon, be sure to label
completely.
16. Describe beat frequency and explain how it is created.
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18. What is the equation for determining the relationship between length and wavelength
for an overtone of a two fixed end standing wave?
19. How was resonance involved in the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge?
20. What is the equation for determining the equation for the overtone of a one open end
air column?
21. If a trombone is 10.56 m when straightened out, and the speed of sound in air is 340
m/s. What is the pitch of the sixth overtone?
22. What is the equation for determining the equation for the overtone of a two open
ended air column?
23. An open organ pipe has a frequency of 1150 Hz for its 5 th overtone. If the speed of
sound is 342 m/s, what is the length?
24. What is the frequency of the longest wave a clarinet can play when it is 64.8 cm long
and the speed of sound is measured to be 344 m/s?
25. What are some ways that you can protect yourself against hearing loss? How does
hearing loss occur? Be sure to start from the first warning signs and then continue to the
next stages of hearing loss?
26. Why can you hear sounds better at night, than during the day?
27. What are some applications of sound waves that are used in society? Describe how they
work.