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Transcript 
Immune response (lymphoid)
system
Immune response system
includes:
Diffuse lymphoid infiltration
Lymphoid follicles (nodules)
MALT, GALT, BALT
Tonsils (Waldeyer’s ring)
Lymph nodes
Spleen
Thymus gland
Red bone marrow
Waldeyer’s ring:
Palatine tonsils (paired)
Tubal tonsils (paired)
Pharyngeal tonsil (single)
Lingual tonsil (single)
Laryngeal tonsil (occasional)
Tonsillar structure:
Crypts
Epithelial lining
Lymphoid nodules (follicles) surrounding
crypts
Lymph node structure:
Cortex (Lymphoid nodules with germinal
centers)
Paracortex (Deep cortex, T-lymphocytes)
Medulla (Medullary cords)
Sinuses:
Marginal (subcapsular)
Cortical (paratrabecular)
Medullary
Hilary
Spleen structure:
White pulp
Lymphatic nodules with central
arteries
Periarterial lymphatic sheaths
(PALS)
Red pulp
Trabecules with arteries and veins
Cords of Billroth
Thymus gland structure:
Thymic lobule is a structural unit, consisting
of epithelioreticulocytes infiltrated with
thymocytes (T-lymphocytes). Each lobule
includes: Cortex + Medulla (including Hassal
corpuscles)
During ageing thymus undergoes involution
resulting in transformation into corpus
adiposum
Under stressfull conditions thymus
undergoes accidental involution
Red bone marrow:
Location:
flat bones and epiphysial parts of long bones
Structure:
Osseous trabecules of spongy bones
Reticular connective tissue
Pluripotent hemopoetic cells with clasters of
differentiating red and white blood cells
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