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Name______________________________
Class __________________
Chapter 14 The Human Genome
Date ______________
Chapter Test A
Multiple Choice
Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on
the line provided.
____ 1. Which of the following are shown in a karyotype?
a. homologous chromosomes
b. sex chromosomes
c. autosomes
d. all of the above
____ 2. What is the approximate probability that a human offspring
will be female?
a. 10 percent
c. 50 percent
b. 25 percent
d. 75 percent
____ 3. What is the probability that a human sperm cell will carry an
X chromosome?
a. 0 percent
c. 50 percent
b. 25 percent
d. 100 percent
____ 4. A pedigree can be used to
a. determine whether a trait is inherited.
b. show how a trait is passed from one generation to the next.
c. determine whether an allele is dominant or recessive.
d. all of the above
____ 5. A person who has PKU
a. inherited the allele for the trait from one parent.
b. inherited the allele for the trait from both parents.
c. is heterozygous for the trait.
d. will not pass the allele for the trait to his or her offspring.
____ 6. Which of the following genotypes result in the same
phenotype?
a. IAIA and IAIB
c. IBIB and IAIB
b. IBIB and IBi
d. IBi and ii
____ 7. In cystic fibrosis, a change in a single gene causes the protein
called CFTR to
a. become less soluble.
b. fold improperly.
c. destroy the cell membrane.
d. transport sodium ions instead of chloride ions.
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____ 8. Chromosomes 21 and 22 contain long stretches of repetitive
DNA, which
a. contain genes for colorblindness.
b. are able to code for proteins.
c. are unstable sites where rearrangements can occur.
d. contain genes for Lou Gehrig’s disease.
____ 9. Colorblindness is more common in males than in females
because
a. fathers pass the allele for colorblindness to their sons only.
b. the allele for colorblindness is located on the Y chromosome.
c. the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the
X chromosome.
d. males who are colorblind have two copies of the allele for
colorblindness.
____10. A Barr body is
a. a condensed X chromosome that is inactive.
b. a condensed Y chromosome that is inactive.
c. an activated X chromosome.
d. an activated Y chromosome.
____11. Because the X chromosome contains genes that are vital for
normal development, no baby has been born
a. with one X chromosome.
b. with three X chromosomes.
c. without an X chromosome.
d. with four X chromosomes.
____12. Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes
represents a female?
a. XY
c. XXXY
b. XXY
d. XX
____13. The process of DNA fingerprinting is based on the fact that
a. the most important genes are different among most people.
b. no two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same
DNA.
c. most genes are dominant.
d. most people have DNA that contains repeats.
____14. The human genome was sequenced
a. by sequencing each gene on each chromosome, one at a time.
b. using DNA fingerprinting.
c. by looking for overlapping regions between sequenced
DNA fragments.
d. using open reading frames.
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____15. Which of the following is the first step in gene therapy?
a. splicing the normal gene to viral DNA
b. allowing recombinant viruses to infect human cells
c. using restriction enzymes to cut out the normal gene from
DNA
d. identifying the faulty gene that causes the disease
Completion
Complete each statement on the line provided.
16. A(An) ___________________ can be used to determine whether a person has inherited
the normal number of chromosomes.
17. There are ___________________ alleles for the ABO blood group.
18. People who have sickle cell disease inherited ___________________ copy(ies) of the
sickle cell allele.
19. A boy who has hemophilia inherited the disorder from his ___________________ .
20. A person can be tested for the allele that causes Tay-Sachs disease because the
___________________ of that allele is different from that of the normal allele.
Short Answer
In complete sentences, write the answers to the questions on the lines provided.
21. Give two reasons why it is almost impossible to associate many
human traits with single genes.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
22. How are human chromosomes 21 and 22 similar?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
23. A man who does not have hemophilia and a woman who is a
carrier of the disorder have a son. What is the probability that their
son has hemophilia?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
24. Why is a person who has Klinefelter’s syndrome (XXY) a male
even though he has two X chromosomes in his cells?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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25. Why are viruses used in gene therapy?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Using Science Skills
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions on the lines
provided.
The pedigree shows the inheritance of free earlobes and attached
earlobes in five generations of a family. Attached earlobes is caused by
a recessive allele (f).
Free
Attached
earlobes earlobes
1
Male
2
Female
3
4
6
5
7
8
10
9
11
12
13
?
14
Figure 1
26. Inferring Is individual 2 in Figure 1 homozygous or heterozygous
for free earlobes? Explain.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
27. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 1, how many children of
individuals 4 and 5 have attached earlobes?
_________________________________________________________________________________
28. Inferring Can you be certain of the genotype of individual 5 in
Figure 1? Explain.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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29. Predicting Predict the genotype and phenotype of individual 14 in
Figure 1.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
30. Inferring In Figure 1, are any of the descendents of individuals 1
and 2 homozygous for free earlobes? Explain your answer.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Essay
Write the answer to each question in the space provided.
31. Contrast the abnormal hemoglobin found in a person who has
sickle cell disease with normal hemoglobin. How does this
difference affect the person’s red blood cells?
32. Explain why the father of a girl who is colorblind must also be
colorblind.
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33. Compare the inheritance in men and women of a trait coded for by
a recessive allele on the Y chromosome.
34. What can you conclude if you observed a male cat that has both
black and orange spots? Explain your answer.
35. Compare and contrast Turner’s syndrome and Klinefelter’s
syndrome.
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Date ______________