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Transcript
“Reach for the Stars” Practice Exam Name: _____________________ Directions: Each part of this exam uses designated cards from the Chandra X-ray Center’s Stellar Cycle card set. Information on how to obtain single copies of this set is provided on the answer key to this activity. Part I: Mid-Sized Star Directions: Select the following numbered cards: 14, 10, 21, 2, 19, 24, 1 1. Arrange the cards to properly sequence the life stages of a mid-sized star like the Sun. The first card number has been provided. __19__, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____ 2. Identify the stage(s), by card number(s), to match the phrases provided. The number of lines indicates the number of correct responses. a. mid-sized, main sequence star ____ b. white dwarf ____ ____ ____ c. red giant ____ d. stellar nursery ____ e. formation of a planetary system ____ f. planetary nebula ____ ____ g. white dwarf in a binary system ____ 3. Select cards 28, 29, 30, 31, and 32 – all of which display graphs. a. Which card illustrates a protostar dropping onto the main sequence of the H-R diagram? ____ b. Between which numbered image cards in the sequence you listed in question 1 would the event in 3a occur? ____ ____ c. Which graph illustrates a recurring event? ____ d. What characteristic varies to cause this fluctuation? ______________ e. The large numbers along the X-axis, card 28, record passing days on the Julian calendar. About how many days pass between consecutive peaks? ______________ f. Which image card (14, 10, 21, 2, 19, or 1) displays the evolutionary stage of a star that may be causing the fluctuations recorded on graph card # 28? ____ g. On approximately which Julian day, within the range displayed on # 28, was the star’s magnitude the greatest? ______________ Part II: Type Ia Supernova Background information: A Type I supernova event may occur within binary system having a white dwarf and a red giant in relatively close proximity. The exceedingly strong gravitational attraction of the white dwarf attracts materials from the outer layers of its red giant companion. When the white dwarf exceeds 1.4 times the mass of the Sun, it explodes in a supernova. This catastrophic explosion totally destroys the white dwarf. Directions: Select cards 13, 18, 20, 10, 19, 12, 14, and 1 from the deck. 4. Arrange the cards to properly sequence the life stages of a mid-sized star that may eventually explode in a type Ia supernova. The first card number has been provided. __19__, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____ 5. Identify the stage, by card number, to match the phrases provided. a. Type Ia supernova ____ b. young planetary system ____ c. supernova remnant ____ d. stellar nursery ____ e. planetary nebula ____ f. red giant ____ g. binary star system ____ h. main sequence star ____ 6. Card 27 illustrates a light curve for a Type Ia supernova event. a. According to the graph, what was the approximate magnitude of this supernova event when it was at its brightest? _______________ b. How would the fate of this star have differed had the distances separating the two stars been significantly greater? ___________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Part III: Type II Supernova of a Massive Star Background information: Really massive stars end their lives as either black holes or neutron stars (or pulsars). Directions: Select cards 3, 4, 5, 7, 26, and 19 from the deck. 7. Arrange the cards to properly sequence the life stages of a massive star. __19__, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____ 8. Identify the stage, by card number, to match the phrases provided. a. supernova remnant ____ b. red giant ____ c. black hole ____ d. open cluster of young massive stars ____ e. protoplanetary disk ____ f. stellar nursery ____ 9. a. What was the end product of the sequence you created? ______________ b. What other end product could your sequence have created? ______________ 10. Card 31 illustrates the light curve of a Type II Supernova explosion. How is this light curve similar to the light curve of a Type Ia supernova? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________