Download Medical Imaging Technology

Medical Imaging
Technology
• Medical imaging allows doctors to see within the human
body so that they can diagnose and treat diseases or
ailments.
• Today we will be looking at different imaging
technologies that doctors can use to look inside the
human body
Producing Images of
Organs and Tissues
• X-Ray is high energy radiation that can penetrate skin
and tissues but that can not penetrate metals and bone
• X-Ray radiographs can be anaylzed for broken bones,
structure of blood vessels and arteries, and lungs
abnormalities
• Associated risks with X-rays:
• Can cause changes and mutations
to DNA lead apron
X-Ray
• Uses a continuous beam of X-Rays to produce
images that show movement of organs ex.
Stomach, intestine, colon.
• The blood vessels can also be studied, called an
angiogram. A dye is injected into the patient,
and the blood flow can be seen by the doctor,
this will demonstrate any blockages or
narrowing of arteries
• Barium or iodine is ingested in to the patient
Fluoroscopy
• high-frequency sound waves to produce images of body tissues
and organs.
• Soundwaves enter the body and are reflected back by internal
body structures
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Study soft tissue and major organs
Study developing fetus to check for abnormalities
Guides the needle during a biopsy or for amniotic fluid
No documented risks
Ultrasound
Computed Tomography
(CT)
• CT or CAT
• using X-ray equipment to form a three dimensional image from a
series of images taken at different angles of the body
• Diagnose cancer, abnormalities to skeletal system, vascular diseases
• Image bone, soft tissue and blood vessels all at same time, and is a
quick and painless process
• CT of head can detect bleeding of brain
• uses powerful magnets and radio waves to produce
detailed images of the body
• Image structure and function of brain, heart and liver,
soft tissues and insides of bones
• Diagnose cancer, brain diseases, and cardiovascular
conditions
• No documented risks
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(MRI)
• uses the interactions of light with cells and tissues.
• Light shines on cells, the particles of light are scattered by atoms
in the molecules of the cells. A special imaging device records
these scatter patterns. The molecules in abnormal cells create
different scatter patterns than normal cells.
• Use endoscope to explore digestive tract (colonoscopy)
• endoscopic surgeries require smaller incisions and shorter
recovery
Biophotonics
• Factors involved for appropriate treatment:
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Doctor ordering correct test
Patient understanding the reasoning of the test
Technician administering the test correctly
Proper funding
Location
Decisions and Diagnosis
• What is an angiogram
• What are some limitations with the use of X-ray
technologies
• How are x-rays used in the treatment of cancer?
• What information can be provided by a chest radiograph?
• A patient is suspected of having bone cancer. Explain
whether or not ultrasound is a good imaging tool for
diagnosing bone cancer.
Questions
Immunization Programs:
• vaccinations or immunizations: protects individuals and
societies as a whole.
• Influenza, H1N1, mumps, measles, polio, tetanus, rubella,
HPV
• HIV/AIDS vaccine development over 33 million
people are infected with HIV
Screening Programs:
• DNA Screening: identify people who have high risk
factors, early detection
• DNA screen in search of genetic markers which signal
disease
Public health strategies
Promoting Health Lifestyles:
• Smoke free environments
• proper diet, Canadian Food guide, encouraging physical
activity, weight control
Public health strategies
Promoting Public Awareness:
• Protecting from sun and reducing skin cancer – sunscreen
lotion for UV ray protection, hats, sun glasses, long
clothing
• West Nile virus – minimize exposure to mosquitoes
during active periods, remove sources of standing water,
DEET
• Informing public of statistics such as rates of occurrence
leads to more public awareness and precautionary
measures.
Public health strategies
• What is the most commonly administered vaccine in
Ontario?
• Define HIV and AIDS and show the relationship between
the two terms
• Explain what might happen to you if you were bitten by a
mosquito carrying the west Nile virus
• Describe some public health strategies used to promote
healthy living in Ontario.
Questions