Download PSN Chapter 13 Multi-format Test.tst

Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: A
PSN Chapter 13 Multi-format Test
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
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1. Two negative charges will attract one another. _________________________
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2. The smallest quantity of electric charge that can be found in ordinary matter is represented by the letter c.
_________________________
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3. The majority of ordinary matter has a net charge of zero. _________________________
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4. The number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is known as the mass number.
_________________________
____
5. The tiny core of an atom containing most of the mass of the atom is the neutron.
_________________________
____
6. The nucleus of an atom that spontaneously breaks up to emits particles or pure energy may be called
radioactive. _________________________
____
7. The strongest force in the universe is gravity. _________________________
Completion
Complete each statement.
Select the correct term to complete each sentence. There are extra terms in the list.
alpha
neutral
2
strong nuclear
beta
charged
6
gravitational
spectroscope
isotopes
8
weak
8. When the total charge on an object is zero, the object is electrically ____________________.
9. Atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers are described as ____________________.
10. The force which holds the nucleus together is the _________________________ force.
11. The radioactive decay of an atom resulting in the decrease in the atomic number with no change in the atomic
mass is ____________________ decay.
12. The instrument used to separate the light given off by electrons into different colors is called a
_________________________.
13. The number of electrons that may be held in the third energy level of an atom is ____________________.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
Matching
For the following element, match the letter with the type of information given.
____ 14. name of element
____ 15. symbol
____ 16. atomic number
Short Answer
17. How do electric and gravitational forces differ?
18. How is the atom of one element different from the atom of another element?
19. Where would a particle with a charge of +e be found in an atom?
20. A bismuth atom which contains 83 protons and 127 neutrons decays to produce an atom of polonium with a
mass number of 210 and 84 protons. What type of decay does bismuth experience?
21. Of the three sub-atomic particles: electrons, protons and neutrons, which determines most of the properties of
an element?
22. Two electrons, A and B, are temporarily raised to different energy levels. As they fall back toward the
nucleus, A emits green light and B emits red light. Which electron has more energy before falling toward the
nucleus?
23. In general, where are the highest energy electrons in an atom found?
Problem
24. The mass number for an isotope of oxygen is 17 and the atomic number is 8. How many neutrons are present
in this isotope of oxygen?
25. Uranium, with 92 protons and 146 neutrons, undergoes alpha decay and becomes thorium. How many protons
and neutrons are present in the isotope of thorium produced by this decay?
26. A lead atom, with 82 protons and 128 neutrons, decays to produce an atom of bismuth with a mass number of
210. How many neutrons are in the nucleus of the isotope of bismuth produced?
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
27. Using the diagram below as a model, represent the electron energy levels of a fluorine atom, atomic number
9.
Essay
28. Describe the difference between an electron and a proton. In your description tell (1) where each is found in
the nucleus (2) the charge, if any, on each and (3) how their masses compare.
29. When a gas is heated, it may give off light. Explain how a scientist might identify the element or elements
from which the gas is made.
30. Describe how Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle applies to describing the variables of the quantum world.
31. What causes an electron to emit light?
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ID: A
PSN Chapter 13 Multi-format Test
Answer Section
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS: F, repel
DIF: basic
2. ANS: F, e
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P5c
DIF:
3. ANS:
STA:
4. ANS:
STA:
5. ANS:
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P5c
DIF: basic
REF: section 13.1
DIF: basic
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P1a
DIF: basic
REF: section 13.1
basic
T
S8P5c
T
S8P1a
F, nucleus
DIF: basic
REF: section 13.1
6. ANS: T
STA: S8P1a
7. ANS: F
strong nuclear force
the strong nuclear force
DIF:
basic
REF: section 13.1
STA: S85a
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P5c
DIF: basic
REF: section 13.1
10. ANS: strong nuclear
STA: S8P1f
DIF: basic
11. ANS: alpha
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P3a
DIF: intermediate REF: section 13.1
12. ANS: spectroscope
STA: S8P1f
DIF: basic
13. ANS: 8
REF: section 13.2
STA: S8P4b
REF: section 13.2
STA: S8P2c
COMPLETION
8. ANS: neutral
DIF: basic
9. ANS: isotopes
DIF:
intermediate
1
ID: A
MATCHING
14. ANS: C
15. ANS: A
16. ANS: B
DIF: basic
DIF: basic
DIF: basic
REF: section 13.1
REF: section 13.1
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P1f
STA: S8P1f
STA: S8P1f
SHORT ANSWER
17. ANS:
Electric forces may be attractive or repulsive. Gravitational forces are attractive only.
DIF: intermediate REF: section 13.1 STA: S8P5a
18. ANS:
Atoms of different elements contain different numbers of protons in the nucleus.
DIF: intermediate
19. ANS:
In the nucleus.
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P1f
DIF: intermediate
20. ANS:
beta decay
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P1a
DIF: advanced
21. ANS:
electrons
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P1f
DIF: basic
22. ANS:
electron A
REF: section 13.2
STA: S8P1a
DIF: intermediate REF: section 13.2 STA: S8P2c
23. ANS:
On average, as you move farther away from the nucleus, the energy level of electrons increases.
DIF:
intermediate
REF: section 13.2
STA: S8P1a
PROBLEM
24. ANS:
The number of neutrons is the difference between the mass number and the atomic number; 9 neutrons
DIF:
intermediate
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P1f
2
ID: A
25. ANS:
During alpha decay, 2 protons and 2 neutrons are emitted as an alpha particle, reducing the number of each by
2; 90 protons and 144 neutrons
DIF: advanced
REF: section 13.1 STA: S8P1f
26. ANS:
When beta decay occurs, the mass number is unchanged but one neutron is lost, changed to a proton that
remains in the nucleus, increasing the atomic number by one, and one electron that is emitted from the
nucleus. The number of neutrons is the difference between the mass number and the atomic number, the
number of protons; 127 neutrons
DIF: advanced
27. ANS:
DIF:
intermediate
REF: section 13.1
STA: S8P1f
REF: section 13.2
STA: S8P2c
ESSAY
28. ANS:
(1) The proton is found in the nucleus, the electron orbits outside the nucleus.
(2) The proton has a positive charge and the electron a negative charge.
(3) The proton is 1835 times more massive than the electron.
DIF: basic
REF: section 13.1 STA: S8P1a
29. ANS:
The light from the gas, when examined with a spectroscope, will produce a bright line spectrum. The
spectrum for each element is unique to that element and allows the scientist to identify the elements in the
gas.
DIF: intermediate REF: section 13.2 STA: S8P2c
30. ANS:
The uncertainty principle states that it is impossible to know all the variables exactly in the quantum world.
This comes about because the quantum world is so small that you need to interact with the particles in order
to observe them, and once you’ve interacted with them, you’ve changed the system you’re trying to observe.
For example, in determining the location of a particle, you must change its location and you don’t know
where exactly it is anymore.
DIF:
intermediate
REF: section 13.2
STA: S8P1a
3
ID: A
31. ANS:
When an electron absorbs energy equal to the difference between two energy levels, the electron will move,
temporarily, to the higher energy level. As it falls back to a lower energy level, it will emit light exactly equal
to the difference between the levels from which it falls and the level to which it falls.
DIF:
advanced
REF: section 13.2
STA: S8P2c
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