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Running Head: ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS
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ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS
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ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS.
Organizational communication can be defined as a field of study which mostly emphasizes on
the most communicative attributes which arises in an organizational set up. A student who
majors in Organizational Communications as a course or as a unit in their course has a variety
of courses from which to select from in which the preparation for their careers in such fields as
business management, human resource personnel, relations officer and training and
consulting officer is made. Apart from the above specialization, the students also in other areas
including business, education, psychology and political science basically finds Organizational
Communication study as a good field to emphasize on or as a good alternative to boost the
fields they have chosen in their studies(Lippert, 2016).
Organizational Communications have various options available to students who decide to
emphasize on the Organizational Communication. Anyone who emphasizes on organizational
communications can be employment by government agencies, political parties or can as well
work for politicians. One may as well work for institutions which deal with the finances, firms
dealing with economic development and universities and colleges. Graduates of the
Organization Communication can also find employment in relation firms, media agencies and
also in sales and marketing firms. Various job opportunities may also be available in nongovernmental organizations such as the US Way and the American Red Cross. In organizational
communications we are able to learn the processes and skills of communication which every
manager or director requires creating and resulting to a great organization. Whether you are
working in a multi-national corporation, a non-governmental organization or in a sole
proprietor business, one need to organize employees so as to successfully live and work
together which is highly depended upon the strategic communication.
Organizational communications is important and vital for any organization and can be studied
for various reasons by the graduates or by the managers. Such reason includes the following;
Organization communications will provide basis for the understanding of the virtual human
process which occurs in the organizations. Organization Communications helps the graduate to
be aware and to learn the communication skills which a college graduate would possess so as to
achieve organizational expectation.
Apart from the two mentioned, organizational
communications will lead you to the pathway of a career of a professional in any organizational
setupor as an academic student in the field (Goldhaber, 2016).
Areas of the organizational communications
Organizational communications covers a wide range of areas namely, Theory, Gender, Diversity,
Conflict, Relationships, Culture, Structure, leadership, non-verbals, Climate, Technology,
Consulting, Ethics, Vision/Mission
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Organization Communication Structure
Organization communication structure refers to the system of channels in which the actual
messages flows .it is also the patterns designs of interaction among the persons who makes up
the organization, that is, who is communicating and with who? .
There are two main organizational communication structures namely, the formal and the
informal structures. Formal structure is the form of communication through officially designed
channels of flowing the message between the positions of the organization. It is usually found in
the organizational charts, policy manuals or the hierarchical structures. There are three types of
formal structures which include, Downward Communication, Upward Communication, and
Horizontal Communication. (Burg, 2016),. Downward Communication can be defined as the
Communication that is send from the upper to the lower position, an example is the
communication between a manager and an employer but in this case the massage is
communicated from the manager to the employer or the superior to the juniors. The kind of the
messages involved in the downward communication includes instructions on jobs, job rationales
of jobs, information on the procedures and the practices of the organization, the feedbacks and
the indoctrination. (Katz & Kahn, 1978). The downward communication has the advantage of
being fast as the feedback is obtained instantly while it has the disadvantage of managerial
control as all the messages comes only from the managers and thus neglecting subordinates.
Upward Communication can be defined as the conveyance of the messages from subordinate
level to the managerial levels of the organization; these communications are initiated
by the subordinates with the superiors above them. The kinds of the messages exchanged in the
upward communication includes job’s performance, problems related to jobs, collegue
employees and the problems, perceptions of employees on the organization’s policies
and practices and the tasks and procedures. The disadvantage of an upward communication is
that to promotes the morale among the employees and disadvantage is that it is not effective
for managers thus discouraging encourage the subordinates.
An Horizontal Communication can be defined as the conveyance of messages along a functional
areas within a certain level of the organization, this helps this helps people within the same level
in an organization to communicate effectively and directly. The kinds of the messages conveyed
in the horizontal communication includes facilitating problems solving, information sharing
within different groups of workers, coordination of task between the departments and the project
groups. The advantage of the horizontal communication is that it is effective whereas its
disadvantage is that it is time consuming.
Informal Communication is defined as the series of interaction which cannot reflect formal
designated pathways of communication. This kind of communication include ‘grapevine’ which
emerges from the personal and social interests of the organization. Informal communication is
thus inherent but a necessary attribute of the life of the organization. The advantage of the
informal organization is that it creates a sense of relaxation and also creates a comfortable
climate. Its disadvantage is that it should not act as substitute for the formal system
(Koschmann, M. A ,2014).
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References
Koschmann, M. A. (2014). Communication in collaborative interorganizational
relationships: A field study of leadership and stakeholder participation. Austin, Tex.:
University of Texas.
Molen, H. T., & Gramsbergen-Hoogland, Y. H. (2005). Communication in organizations:
Basic skills and conversation models. Hove [England: Psychology Press.
Organizaitonal Communication. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/comm321/gwalker/orgcomm.htm
Burg, N. (2016). UnifyVoice: How Technology Has Changed Workplace Communication. Forbes. Retrieved
7 November 2016, from http://www.forbes.com/sites/unify/2013/12/10/how-technology-has-changedworkplace-communication/#4a82d2884562
Goldhaber, G. (2016). organization communicatio (5th ed., pp. 1-31). NEW YORK: State university of new
york.Retrievedfrom
http://www2.uvawise.edu/pww8y/Supplement/OCSup/00%20Readings%20OC/101%20Goldhaber%20O
rgCommo%20WhatIsOrgCom.pdf
Lippert,L.(2016).SourceURL:
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study/Chapter_11_
_Organizational_Communication Saylor URL: http: //www.saylor.org/courses/bus209/ Sub - subunit
6.1.1 Attributed to: Laura K. Hahn, Lance Lippert, and Scott T. Paynton www.saylor.org Page 1 of 25
Survey of Communication Study : “ Chapter 11 – Organizational Communication ” (1st ed., pp. 2 - 16).
New York. Retrieved from http://saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/BUS209-6.1.1OrganizationalCommunication.pdf