Download The Eye

The Eye
Orbit
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Functional anatomy and proptosis
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Thyroid ophthalmopathy ( Graves disease)
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Accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins and fibrosis in
the rectus muscles
Other orbital inflammatory conditions
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Diseases that increase orbital contents displace the eye
forward – sarcoidosis, adenoma, glioma, meningioma
Cellulitis, mucormycosis, Wegener granulomatosis
Neoplasms
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Capillary hemangioma, lymphangioma. Non-Hodkin lymphoma,
metastases
Eyelid
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Functional anatomy
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Blepharitis, chalazion
Neoplasms
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Basal cell carcinoma, sebaceous carcinoma,Kaposi sarcoma
Conjunctiva
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Functional anatomy
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Conjunctival scarring
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Palpebral conjunctiva, bulbar conjunctiva
Chlamydia trachomatic
Pemphogoid
Dry eyes
Iatrogenic
Pinguecula and pterygium
Neoplasms
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Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia
Muoepidermoid carcinoma
Nevi
Melonoma
Sclera
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RA – scleritis
Blue sclera
Cornea
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Functional anatomy
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Keratitis and ulcers
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Stroma lacks blood vessels and lymphatics
Descemet membrane – copper deposits in wilson disease
Infectious ulcers
Corneal degenerations and dystrophies
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Band keratopathy
Keratoconus
Fuchs endothelial dystrophy
Stromal dystrophies
Anterior Segment
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Functional anatomy
Cataract
The anterior segment and glaucoma
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Primary open-angle - MYOC gene
Secondary open-angle– Sturge-Weber
Primary angle-closure,
Secondary angle- closure
Endophthalmitis and panophthalmitis
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Keratic precipitates e.g. mutton-fat in sarcoid
Uvea
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Uveitis
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JIA
Infectious
Granulomatous
Toxoplamosis
Sympathetic ophthalmia
Neoplasms
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Nevi
Melanomas
Retina and Vitreous
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Functional anatomy
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Retinal detachment
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Hypertension
DM – background and proliferative retinopathy
Retinopathy of prematurity
Sickle retinopathy
Retinal vasculitis
Radiation retinopathy
Retinal artery and vein occlusions
Age-related macular degeneration
Other retinal degenerations
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Separation of the neurosensory retina from the retinal pigment epithelium
Retinal vascular disease
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Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous
Posterior vitreous detachment
Retinitis pigmentosa – inherited, Refsum disease, rods and ones lost to apoptosis
Retinitis
Retinal neoplasms
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Retinoblastoma
Retinal lymphoma
Optic Nerve
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Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Papilledema
Glaucomatous optic nerve damage
Other optic neuropathies
Optic neuritis
The End-Stage Eye: Phthisis Bulbi