Download present perfect continuous

Present Tenses
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
1. I’m learning Chinese.
2. You’ve walked across the Amazon jungle.
3. It has meant that I can finance my next
expedition.
4. My mum and dad always watch my
documentaries.
5. My agent is waiting for me.
6. I’ve always loved travelling.
7. I don’t like going with groups.
8. We have been learning Eglish for an hour.
Answers
 1. I’m learning Chinese. – Present Continuous
 2. You’ve walked across the Amazon jungle. – Present
Perfect
 3. It has meant that I can finance my next expedition. –
Present Perfect
 4. My mum and dad always watch my documentaries. –
Present Simple
 5. My agent is waiting for me. – Present Continuous
 6. I’ve always loved travelling. – Present Perfect
 7. I don’t like going with groups. - Present Simple
 8. We have been learning English for an hour. Present
Perfect Continuous
Present Simple
• I study in Osijek.
• You study in Osijek.
• He/She/It studies in
Osijek.
• We study in Osijek.
• You study in Osijek.
• They study in
Osijek.
Present Simple - questions
• Do I study in
Osijek?
• Do you study in
Osijek?
• Does he/she/it
study in Osijek?
• Do we study in
Osijek?
• Do you study in
Osijek?
• Do they study in
Osijek?
Present Simple - negative
• I don’t study in
Osijek.
• You don’t study in
Osijek.
• He/she /it doesn’t
study in Osijek.
• We don’t study in
Osijek.
• You don’t study in
Osijek.
• They don’t study in
Osijek.
We use the Present Simple to talk about:
 Activities that we repeat regularly (routines, habits).
My mum and dad always watch my documentaries.
 Permanent situations and states.
I don’t like cheese.
 General truths
A doctor works in a hospital.
Common time adverbials:
always, often, usually, sometimes, never
every day, every week, every year ...
twice a week, once a month
regularly, seldom, hardly ever, occasionally
Spelling
• Y is lost in verbs
ending in consonant
+y:
fly – flies
study – studies
• We use –es with
verbs ending in -s, z, -sh, -ch, -s, -x:
watches, teaches,
washes, fixes...
• -es where you
wouldn’t normally
expect it
does
goes
Present Continuous
• I am watching TV.
• You are watching
TV.
• He/she/it is
watching TV.
• We are watching
TV.
• You are watching
TV.
• They are watching
TV.
Present Continuous - questions
• Am I watching TV?
• Are you watching
TV?
• Is he/she/it
watching TV?
• Are we watching
TV?
• Are you watching
TV?
• Are they watching
TV?
Present Continuous - negative
• I am not
watching TV.
• You are not
watching TV.
• He/she/it is not
watching TV.
• We are not
watching TV.
• You are not
watching TV.
• They are not
watching TV.
We use the Present Continuous to talk about:
 Activities that are going on at the time of speaking.
Right now, I am giving a lecture and you are listening.
 Activities that happen regularly but only for a limited
period of time (temporary routines and habits).
I’m studying English a lot these days because we are having a
test next week.
Common time adverbials:
now, at the moment, at present, these days
Spelling
•
Verbs ending in –e lose the
final -e when –ing is
added.
phone – phoning
make – making
change – changing
•
Short verbs ending in one
vowel + one consonant
double the last consonant.
sit – sitting
cut – cutting
swim – swimming
• Verbs ending in –ie:
lie – lying
tie – tying
Present Perfect: have/has +3rd column
• I have done the
homework.
• You have done
the homework.
• He/she/it has
done the
homework.
• We have done
the homework.
• You have done
the homework.
• They have done
the homework.
Present Perfect - Questions
• Have I done the
homework?
• Have you done
the homework?
• Has he/she/it
done the
homework?
• Have we done
the homework?
• Have you done
the homework?
• Have they done
the homework?
Present Perfect - negative
• I have not done
the homework.
• You have not done
the homework.
• He/she/it has not
done the
homework.
• We have not done
the homework.
• You have not done
the homework.
• They have not
done the
homework.
We use the Present Perfect to talk about:
 Past events and activities with results or consequences in the
present.
I’ve lost my keys and now I can’t open the door.
 An action in the past when we don’t know or are not interested
in when it happened. (to talk about experience)
I’ve been to China.
 Things that started in the past and continue up till now.
I’ve always wanted to travel.
Common time adverbials:
never, ever, since, for, already, yet, all my life, always
The use and meanings of time adverbials
already and yet
We use already in
statements and yet in
questions and negative
sentences.
I’ve already seen that
film.
I haven’t finished yet.
since and for
Since tells us about a
point in time when the
activity began.
We’ve been friends since
2003.
For tells us about the
period of time that the
activity has taken.
We’ve been friends for
five years.
Present Perfect Continuous
• Have/has been –ing is the present perfect
continuous:
I/we/they/you have (= I’ve, etc.)
he/she/it has (= he’s, etc.)
been
doing, waiting, playing,
etc.
Present Perfect: have/has+been+VERB+ing
• I have been sitting • We have been sitting
in the classroom.
in the classroom.
• You have been
• You have been sitting
sitting in the
in the classroom.
classroom.
• They have been
• He/she/it has been
sitting in the
sitting in the
classroom.
classroom.
Present Perfect Continuous - Questions
• Have I been sitting in
the classroom?
• Have you been sitting
in the classroom?
• Has he/she/it been
sitting in the
classroom?
• Have we been sitting
in the classroom?
• Have you been sitting
in the classroom?
• Have they been sitting
in the classroom?
Present Perfect Continuous - negative
• I have not been
sitting in the
classroom.
• You have not been
sitting in the
classroom.
• He/she/it has not
been sitting in the
classroom.
• We have not been
sitting in the
classroom.
• You have not been
sitting in the
classroom.
• They have not been
sitting in the
classroom.
Present perfect continuous
• The present continuous describes what a person is
doing.
• The present perfect continuous tells how long a person
has been doing that action.
Ex.
Katie is delivering mail.
She has been delivering mail for two hours.
She has been working for the post office since 1997.
Present perfect continuous
•
The present perfect continuous talks about an action that
started in the past and continues in the present. The action
is not yet complete. It tells how long the action has been in
progress.
He has been washing windows since 8:00.
They have been waiting for the bus for twenty minutes
Present perfect continuous
I
You
have
We
since 8:00.
They
been working
for two hours.
He
She has
It
Since & For
You can use the present perfect continuous for
actions that are repeated over a period of time:
• Debbie is a very good tennis player. She’s been
playing since she was eight.
• Every morning they meet in the same café. They’ve
been going there for years.
For and since
• For shows an amount of time.
for three hours
for ten days
• Since tells when an action started
since 2:00
since he came to the United States
For and since
For
For shows an amount of time:
Since
Since tells when an action started:
for a few minutes
since 2:00
for three weeks
since 1998
for two years
since Sunday
since she began her new job
I am doing vs. I have been doing
• Compare I am doing and I have been doing:
∣
I am doing
present continuous
↓
Now
∣
I have been doing
present perfect continuous
↓
now

Don’t bother me now. I’m working.

I’ve been working hard, so now
I’m going to take a break.

We need an umbrella. It’s raining.

The ground is wet. It’s been
raining.

Hurry up! We’re waiting.

We’ve been waiting for an hour.
How long questions
How long has she been looking for a job?
How long have they been living in the city?
How long have you (been)…?
•
We use the present perfect (especially with how long, for,
and since) to talk about something that began in the past and
still continues now. Compare the present and the present
perfect:
–
but
–
but
–
but
–
but
We know each other very well.
We’ve known each other since we were in high school.
(not We know)
Do you have a pain in your stomach?
How long have you had the pain?
(not How long do you have)
I’m learning English.
I’ve been learning English for six months.
(not I am learning)
He’s waiting for somebody.
He’s been waiting all morning.
How long have you (been)…?
• I have known/had/lived, etc., is the
present perfect simple.
• I have been learning/been
waiting/been doing, etc., is the present
perfect continuous.
But some verbs (for example, know/like/believe) are not normally used in
the continuous:
• How long have you known Jane?
(not have you been knowing)
You can use either the present perfect continuous or present perfect simple
with live and work:
• John has been living / has lived in Denver for a long time.
• How long have you been working / have you worked here?
But we use the simple (I’ve done / I’ve lived, etc.) with always:
• John has always lived in Denver. (not has always been living)
We use the present perfect simple in negative sentences like these:
• I haven’t seen Tom since Monday.
(= Monday was the last time I saw him)
• Jane hasn’t called me for two weeks.
(= the last time she called was two weeks ago)
Revision
Give a wider context for each of the sentences below.
•
•
•
•
I write emails.
I’m writing an email.
I’ve written an email.
I’ve been writing an email.
Now choose a verb and write similar examples of your own.
The End