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Animals - Invertebrates Learning Outcomes Describe defining characteristics of animals. Describe defining characteristics of each phylum. Name/Recognize common examples of each phylum. Explain the tube-within-a-tube body plan. Describe differences between tissues, organs, and organ systems. Explain trends in bilateral symmetry and cephalization. Animals multicellular heterotrophs (obtain energy and organic molecules by eating other organisms) do not have cell walls Proifera -- the sponges Proifera -- the sponges no symmetry two cell layers, no tissues choanocytes Cnidarians - anenomes and jellyfish Cnidarians - anenomes and jellyfish radial symmetry two tissue layers gastrovascular cavity (GVC) cnidocytes (stinging cells) hydrostatic skeleton nerve net Platyhelminthes -- flatworms some species are parasites Platyhelminthes -- flatworms bilateral symmetry three tissue layers organs cephalization Tube within a tube body plan & tissues layers ectoderm endoderm mesoderm https://youtu.be/Lgb4wMsZwZA Annelida - segmented worms body composed of repeating segments Annelida - segmented worms bilateral symmetry three tissue layers organ systems cephalization metamerism -repeating body segments Mollusca -- snails, clams, squid mantle tissue that produces shell > 100,000 living species mantle (pink) Mollusca -- snails, clams, squid bilateral symmetry three tissue layers organ systems cephalization mantle - forms/produces shell large muscular foot for locomotion Nematoda -- roundworms bilateral symmetry three tissue layers organ systems cephalization chitin containing cuticle longitunidal muscles only Arthropoda - segments & jointed limbs segmented body jointed appendages exoskeleton containing chitin Arthropoda - segments & jointed limbs Arthropoda - segments & jointed limbs most species of any animal phylum 1 million known species of insects current estimates - 20 million insect species extant bilateral symmetry three tissue layers organ systems segmented body jointed appendages exoskeleton containing chitin Echinodermata -- seastars & relatives water vascular system, exclusively marine bilateral symmetry three tissue layers organ systems pentaradial symmetry in adults water vascular system and tube feet Echinodermata -- seastars & relatives
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