Download SYSTEMS REPAIR FINAL EXAM

Name _________________________ Date __________ 327 Points Possible SYSTEMS REPAIR FINAL EXAM True or False Question Directions Read each of the questions and statements carefully and completely. Decide if they are True or False. If they are True, circle the T. If they are False, circle the F. Short Answer, Fill­in the Blank, Check­off Question Directions Answer the questions to the best of your ability in the space provided. Fill­in and Check­off as indicated. Matching Question Directions Match the lettered definitions to the numbered terms. Each definition is used only one time with no leftovers. Practical Testing Directions Cycle through the stations located around the classroom and lab. Identify parts, read alignment angles, make precision brake measurements, scan for diagnostic trouble codes & input data, measure volts, amps & ohms in electrical circuits, measure electrical components, and test a faulty wiring harness.
TRUE & FALSE T F 1. The proper inflation specifications for all tires are conveniently molded into the side wall of every tire. T F 2. Dynamic tire imbalance results in wheel shimmy. Static tire imbalance results in wheel tramp. T F 3. Torsion bars may be interchanged from side­to­side of the vehicle without effecting their performance. T F 4. Torque steer is the tendency of a FWD vehicle to pull to the side with the long shaft under heavy acceleration. T F 5. Parallelogram steering systems have pitman & idler arms but rack and pinion steering systems do not. SHORT ANSWER, FILL­IN THE BLANK, CHECK­OFF 6. Wheel Base is: [ ] distance from front axle to rear axle centerline [ ] distance between centers of right & left tire treads Track Width is: [ ] distance from front axle to rear axle centerline [ ] distance between centers of right & left tire treads 7. McPherson Struts contain: [ ] upper ball joint [ ] lower ball joint [ ] spring [ ] damper cartridge [ ] upper bearing plate 8­10. Name 3 adjustment methods for caster & camber:_____________________________________________________________ 11­16. Describe a P 255/50 R 16 90 Z tire:_______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 17. What 3 things does the UTQGS rate about tires? (3 T’s) __________________________________________________________ 18. Describe Thrust Angle: ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 19. What is the reason for a stabilizer bar & links? __________________________________________________________________ 20. Name 2 basic designs of steering systems:______________________________________________________________________ 21. Name 2 benefits of proper wheel alignment:_____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ MATCHING _____ 22. Caster _____ 25. Scrub Radius _____ 28. Toe _____ 23. Camber _____ 26. Included Angle _____ 29. Bump Steer _____ 24. Toe­out­on Turns _____ 27. Steering Axis Inclination _____ 30. Set back A. the forward or rearward tilt of the steering axis as viewed from the side of the vehicle (pulls to the side with the least of this angle) B. camber plus steering axis inclination C. the inward or outward tilt of the tires & wheels at the top (pulls to the side with the most of this angle) D. too much inward or outward adjustment of this angle will cause a saw­tooth or feather­edge tire wear pattern E. the point at which steering axis inclination & the camber angle intersect F. name for the condition when as jounce and rebound of the suspension occurs, the vehicle pulls to one side G. the outside tire & wheel during cornering going through an angle of lesser degrees than the inner tire & wheel H. condition when the axis of one front wheel is behind the axis of the other (on the back of the vehicle, it is called a swung rear end) I. angle through the top & bottom ball joints or through the top of the strut & the bottom ball joint as viewed from the vehicle’ front
TRUE & FALSE T F 1. Parking brake systems are always mechanically operated, and in most cases, operate only the rear brakes. T F 2. Squeal while braking may mean the pads need anti­rattle hardware replaced or disc brake quiet applied to the steel backing. T F 3. A constant squeal during driving with the brakes unapplied may mean the wear indicator is vibrating against the rotor. T F 4. Both discs & drums must always be machined to within .010” of each other to equalize the self­energizing action T F 5. Pascal’s law states that force applied to a confined liquid is transmitted undiminished throughout a hydraulic system. SHORT ANSWER, FILL­IN THE BLANK, CHECK­OFF 6. How does RWAL differ from 4­channel ABS? __________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. How do traction control systems utilize ABS components? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Pressure bleeding removes air by: [ ] applying pressurized fluid at the master cylinder [ ] applying a vacuum at the bleeder screws 9. Vacuum bleeding removes air by: [ ] applying pressurized fluid at the master cylinder [ ] applying a vacuum at the bleeder screws 10. Explain how a loose wheel bearing on a disc brake system can cause excessive brake pedal travel: _________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. How can improperly tightening lug nuts lead to brake pedal pulsation? _______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Name 3 conditions which could illuminate the instrument cluster RED brake warning light:______________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13­14. Name 2 types of power brake boosters: ________________________________ _________________________________ 15­16. Name 2 jobs of the caliper, square O­ring: ______________________________ ________________________________ MATCHING _____ 17. Self­Energization _____ 20. Metering Valve _____ 23. Proportioning Valve _____ 18. Regenerative Braking _____ 21. Hygroscopic _____ 24. Servo Action _____ 19. Compensating port _____ 22. Equalizer _____ 25. Accumulator A. component in a parking brake system that ensures both right and left parking brakes are applied similarly B. the characteristic of brake fluid which makes it a desiccant (means that it absorbs moisture) C. small, sealed chamber in an antilock brake system filled with highly pressurized nitrogen used to generate charging pressure D. valve in the lines leading to the front brakes with the purpose of holding off front braking until the rears build up a specified psi E. the tendency of a brake shoe to bite deeper into the brake drum as it rotates F. also called a replenishing port, this passage in a master cylinder allows fluid to flow back into the reservoir as the pedal is released G. using the traction motor as a generator to slow a hybrid vehicle and recharge the high voltage battery pack H. valve in the rear lines used to balance the percentage of stopping done by rear brakes in an effort to prevent rear wheel lock­up I. the action of the primary brake shoe pushing the secondary shoe into the drum on a servo brake system
TRUE & FALSE T F 1. A corroded connection can cause increased resistance in a circuit and act as a voltage drop. T F 2. In a series circuit, total resistance is the sum of all the individual resistances, amperage is the same throughout the circuit, and the voltage drops at each consumer with the total voltage drop equal to the source voltage. T F 3. The body, frame, and engine block are often used to form the ground path for automotive electrical circuits. T F 4. A voltmeter gets connected from + to ­ for voltage available tests and either from + to + or from ­ to ­ for voltage drop tests. T F 5. In a parallel circuit, the total circuit resistance is always less than the branch with the least resistance. SHORT ANSWER, FILL­IN THE BLANK, CHECK­OFF 6. What 3 things are needed to make a circuit? 1)___________________ 2)________________ 3)__________________________ 7. What component inside of a relay is connected to tabs #85 & #86? ___________________Typical resistance of it? _________ 8. Hall­effect output is: [ ] square wave [ ] sine wave Permanent magnet generator output is: [ ] square wave [ ] sine wave 9. Name the 3 basic types of circuits. 1)________________ 2)_______________________ 3)______________________________ 10. Name the 3 legs of a transistor. E)_______________________ B)________________ C)_______________________________ 11. Explain what a sensor’s 5­volt reference voltage is. ______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Explain how to produce electricity chemically:__________________________________________________________________ 13. Give the formulas for volts, amps, ohms & watts. _______________ _______________ _______________ ______________ 14. What does the .4 to .7 volt reading indicate when testing a diode? ___________________________________________________ 15. Explain how to produce electricity mechanically/inductively:______________________________________________________ 16. Name the 3 basic circuit problems. 1)______________ 2)_________________________ 3)_____________________________ MATCHING _____ 17. Voltage _____ 20. Thermistor _____ 23. Relay _____ 18. Solenoid _____ 21. Amperage _____ 24. Transistor _____ 19. Duty Cycle & Pulse Width _____ 22. Diode _____ 25. Integrated Circuit A. a large number of diodes, transistors, and resistors fit on to a small piece of semi­conductor material B. electromotive force, or the “push” that causes current flow C. electromagnetic switching device with a movable iron core inside of a hollow coil to switch high amps utilizing a low amp input D. terms for circuit “on­time” expressed as a percentage and circuit “on­time” expressed in milliseconds per 100 milliseconds E. the simplest electronic device that allows current flow in one direction only (when forward biased) F. rate or intensity of electrical current flow G. solid­state device that very accurately changes its resistance with changes in temperature and is used for temperature sensors H. electromagnetic switching device with a set of contact points on a pivoting arm to switch high amperage utilizing a low amp input I. a solid­state switching that can be used in low amperage, electronic circuits in place of relays or solenoids (used for quad drivers)
TRUE & FALSE T F 1. Loose alternator belt tension can decrease charging system output. T F 2. The internal resistance of a starter motor is very high, this allows it to stay cool when high amps flow through it. T F 3. Alternators move permanent magnets past stationary coils to make 3­phase AC & then rectify it to DC with 6 diodes. T F 4. The more plate surface area a battery has, the higher its cold cranking amps & reserve capacity ratings will be. T F 5. DRL’s illuminate headlights at ½ battery V. with the engine running, but may be shut off when the parking brake is applied. SHORT ANSWER, FILL­IN THE BLANK, CHECK­OFF 6. Cranking system control circuit is: [ ] low amps [ ] high amps Cranking system motor feed circuit is: [ ] low amps [ ] high amps 7. Explain why shorted diodes in an alternator drain the battery:________________________________________________________ 8. A starter solenoid may 2 windings: [ ] pull­in [ ] stick­in [ ] hold­in [ ] ear­in [ ] add­in [ ] reluct­in [ ] react­in 9. On an ISO relay, connections # _____ and # _____ are the coil. Connection # _____ is the one that’s usually hot at all times and will be switching battery volts to #87 as the relay is energized. #87a is the reference back to the PCM reporting the relay position. 10. What percentages of what fluids make up battery electrolyte? ______% _________________ & ______% _________________ 11. How does a good Si diode read when tested with a DVOM? Forward Bias: _______________ Reverse Bias: _______________ 12. What is the name of the test where full battery voltage is fed into the rotor field coil to check output?_______________________ 13. Why should you turn on the headlights during a “no­crank” diagnosis? _______________________________________________ 14. Diodes that read 0.00 both ways are: [ ] Shorted [ ] Open Diodes that read OL both ways are: [ ] Shorted [ ] Open 15. During load testing, a battery should be drained at a load equal to _______ the CCA rating for _______ seconds. If the battery is good, it will not drop below _________ volts during this test. If it fails the load test, charge it for 3­10 minutes & then retest it. 16. Instead of a resistance test, what test should be done to check conductivity of battery cables? _____________________________ MATCHING _____ 17. Specific gravity _____ 20. Rectifier bridge _____ 23. Rotor _____ 18. Carbon brushes _____ 21. Copper brushes _____ 24. Stator _____ 19. Starter drive _____ 22. Parasitic load _____ 25. Armature A. unit composed of six diodes used to change AC to DC inside of an alternator B. the main, rotating component inside of a starter motor C. type of brushes that contact the slip rings inside of an alternator D. the measurement of the density of a liquid, like battery electrolyte, compared to the density of water E. the main, rotating component inside of an alternator F. type of brushes that contact the commutator bars inside of a starter motor G. any draw of current from the battery when the ignition switch is in the off position (under 50 milliamps may be normal) H. this unit is mounted on the armature shaft and fit with a small gear that meshes with the flywheel ring gear to crank the engine I. either wye or delta­wound, this is the stationary set of three coils found inside of the alternator
TRUE & FALSE T F 1. A waste spark requires more kilovolts to fire than the true spark or event spark in a distributor­less ignition system. T F 2. The metric prefix “k” or “kilo”stands for 1000x and the metric prefix “M” or “Mega” stands for 1,000,000x. T F 3. Vertical direction on ignition scopes indicate voltage required to overcome resistance & horizontal direction indicates time. T F 4. A spark plug with a long insulator nose has a hotter heat range and a plug with a short nose is colder running. T F 5. Lean air/fuel ratios, caused by vacuum leaks or unmetered air, can increase the voltage required to fire the spark plugs. SHORT ANSWER, FILL­IN THE BLANK, CHECK­OFF 6. What is the reason for TVRS spark plug wiring & resistor spark plugs? _______________________________________________ 7. What is the purpose of a knock sensor? _________________________________________________________________________ 8­9. To static time an engine: Bring Cylinder # ___ to ______ on the ___________________ stroke & align the ___________ marks. Set the distributor in with the __________ facing # ___ plug wire connection on the cap. Start engine & verify _______ timing. 10. Ignition coil winding w/most resistance: [ ] primary [ ] secondary Coil winding w/battery input: [ ] primary [ ] secondary 11. Define the term “NON­COMMON” ignition system problem & give 2 possible causes of it. ____________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Define the term “COMMON” ignition system problem & give 2 possible causes of it. _________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13­14. What 2 parts make up a distributor magnetic pulse generator? R)_____________________ P/U)________________________ 15. Explain the “Waste Spark” distributor­less ignition system concept. _________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 16. A 40 kV firing line indicates: [ ] open sec. circuit [ ] short A 2 kV firing line indicates: [ ] open sec. circuit [ ] short MATCHING _____ 17. Spark duration _____ 20. Firing line _____ 23. Ignition module _____ 18. Transformer _____ 21. Coil­on­plug _____ 24. Hall­effect switch _____ 19. Coil pack _____ 22. Spark line _____ 25. Dwell A. the assembly of two or more sets of ignition coils (primary & secondary) used in a distributor­less ignition system B. term used to describe the actual time, in milliseconds, that the spark continues to jump the plug gap C. a direct ignition system that has both a primary & secondary ignition coil mounted directly to each spark plug without plug wires D. term used to describe the “on­time” of the primary circuit during which primary coil saturation is taking place E. oscilloscope line that indicates the voltage required to overcome resistance in the secondary circuit and establish the spark F. this ignition system component contains the switching transistors used to precisely turn the primary circuit on and off G. oscilloscope line the indicates the spark duration and the voltage required to maintain the spark across the plug gap H. unit that utilizes a shutter wheel to influence a magnetic field across a “hall layer” generating a square wave that triggers a spark I. general term for an assembly of two coils of unequal windings that is used to step up voltage such as in an ignition coil
TRUE & FALSE T F 1. Intake manifolds may carry air, fuel, coolant, and exhaust gases; and they may be made of either plastic or metal. T F 2. On a functioning CAT, the exhaust gas temperature is about 100 degrees or 10% hotter at exit as compared to entry. T F 3. Intercoolers can reduce the tendency for detonation, formation of NOx, and can increase horsepower of turbo engines. T F 4. A loose gas tank cap on an OBD II vehicle will set a DTC for the evaporative system and can turn on the MIL. T F 5. If exhaust gas back pressure is more than 1.5 psi, and vacuum at cruise is below 8 Hg”, a restricted CAT is suspected. SHORT ANSWER, FILL­IN THE BLANK, CHECK­OFF 6­12. Check­off the basic type of control and Check­off the pollutants lowered by each of the emission systems listed below. Thermostatic Air Cleaner (carb & tbi only) [ ] pre combustion [ ] post combustion [ ] HC [ ] CO [ ] NOx pick 2 Exhaust Gas Recirculation [ ] pre combustion [ ] post combustion [ ] HC [ ] CO [ ] NOx pick 1 Evaporative Control System [ ] evaporative [ ] post combustion [ ] HC [ ] CO [ ] NOx pick 1 Early Fuel Evaporation System (carb & tbi) [ ] pre combustion [ ] post combustion [ ] HC [ ] CO [ ] NOx pick 2 Catalytic Converter [ ] pre combustion [ ] post combustion [ ] HC [ ] CO [ ] NOx pick 3 Air Injection or Secondary Air System [ ] pre combustion [ ] post combustion [ ] HC [ ] CO [ ] NOx pick 2 Positive Crankcase Ventilation System [ ] pre combustion [ ] post combustion [ ] HC [ ] CO [ ] NOx pick 2 13­15. Give the full names the 3 main, automotive pollutants regulated by the EPA and check­off the basic cause of each one. HC _________________________ Cause: [ ] Burning above 2400 Fº [ ] Lack of O2 during burning [ ] No Burn or Evaporation CO _________________________ Cause: [ ] Burning above 2400 Fº [ ] Lack of O2 during burning [ ] No Burn or Evaporation NOx ________________________ Cause: [ ] Burning above 2400 Fº [ ] Lack of O2 during burning [ ] No Burn or Evaporation 16. Name 2 components that can be checked with a vacuum pump:_________________________ __________________________ MATCHING _____ 17. 0”Hg to 5”Hg _____ 20. 18”Hg to 21”Hg _____ 23. Platinum & Palladium _____ 18. Rhodium _____ 21. OBD II Monitors _____ 24. DLC _____ 19. Zirconium _____ 22. ECT or CTS _____ 25. IAT or MAT A. active materials inside of the HC & CO oxidizing bed of a catalytic converter B. abbreviation for the standardized, 16­pin connector used on an OBD II vehicle C. engine vacuum range at WOT D. NTC thermistor immersed in engine coolant used as a major input to the PCM on an electronic engine control system E. active material inside of an exhaust gas oxygen sensor, which when exposed to 2 different atmospheres, generates a voltage (.1 ­.9) F. a group of 8 self­tests that an OBD II system runs on itself to verify proper operation – these must run in order to set a DTC G. engine vacuum range at cruising speeds H. active material inside of the NOx reducing bed of a catalytic converter I. NTC thermistor exposed to the intake manifold air stream used as an input to the PCM on an electronic engine control system
TRUE & FALSE T F 1. The higher the octane number rating of a gasoline, the less tendency it has to detonate (cause spark knock or pinging). T F 2. GDI systems inject gasoline directly into the cylinder. Multiport fuel injection systems inject into each intake port. T F 3. More air than stoichiometric in the mixture indicates a rich A/F ratio and less air in the mixture indicates a lean A/F ratio. T F 4. To simulate WOT & generate high MFI fuel pressure, simply remove the vacuum line from the fuel psi regulator valve. T F 5. EFI pulse width is usually controlled by the PCM switching off & on the ground side of the fuel injector circuit. SHORT ANSWER, FILL­IN THE BLANK, CHECK­OFF 6. Name 2 qualities that fuel pumps are tested for. P)______________________________ V)_______________________________ 7. Explain the operation of an Inertia Fuel Shut­off switch.____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. How do you put an engine into “clear flood mode”?_______________________________________________________________ 9. Explain Fuel Trim: ________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. A cold engine, recently started, ignoring inactive EGOS input, running on a preset program is in: [ ] open loop [ ] closed loop 11. A warm engine, using active EGOS input to constantly adjust fuel trim, timing, etc. is in: [ ] open loop [ ] closed loop 12. How does a Zr HO2S generate voltage?________________________________________________________________________ 13. HO2S reading .1 to .4 volts indicates a _________ exhaust, so the PCM sends a ___________ fuel trim command to the injectors. 14. HO2S reading .5 to .9 volts indicates a _________ exhaust, so the PCM sends a ___________ fuel trim command to the injectors. 15. Name a tool that can verify if the fuel injectors are getting electrically switched off & on? ______________________________ 16. By­passes air around throttle plate to adjust engine RPM: [ ] Throttle Actuator Motor [ ] Idle Air Control Stepper Motor Moves the throttle plate based on APP input to adjust engine RPM: [ ] Throttle Actuator Motor [ ] Idle Air Control Motor MATCHING _____ 17. Stoichiometric A/F ratio _____ 20. Vacuum _____ 23. Schrader valve _____ 18. TPS _____ 21. Limp­in mode _____ 24. IAC motor _____ 19. Throttle­by­wire _____ 22. MAF _____ 25. MAP A. PCM strategy that runs the engine on preset program if major inputs are lost or severely lack rationality B. EFI input device that measures the volume of air entering the engine to an accuracy of the nearest gram per second C. System that does away with cable connection between gas pedal & throttle plate­replaces it with APP & Throttle Actuator Motor D. any pressure less than atmospheric pressure E. EFI input device the determines engine load based on the pressure in the intake manifold F. EFI output device that is a stepper motor used to adjust the idle rpm by varying the amount of air by­passing the throttle plates G. test port connector used on EFI fuel rails H. 5­volt reference potentiometer used as an input in an EFI system to signal throttle position to the PCM I. theoretically perfect air/fuel ratio which the PCM targets as its goal in order to reach optimum CAT operation
Systems Repair Practical Semester Examination Name: _______________________ A. Identify the numbered parts & tools 1. _________________________ 2. _________________________ 3. ________________________ 4. _________________________ 5. _________________________ 6. ________________________ 7. _________________________ 8. _________________________ 9. ________________________ 10. ________________________ 11. ________________________ 12. _______________________ 13. ________________________ 14. ________________________ 15. _______________________ 16. ________________________ 17. ________________________ 18. _______________________ 19. ________________________ 20. ________________________ 21. _______________________ 22. ________________________ 23. ________________________ 24. _______________________ B. Perform the brake system measurements Rotor min. thickness spec: __________ Actual rotor thickness: __________ mm [ ] ok to use [ ] discard Rotor min. thickness spec: __________ Actual rotor thickness: __________” [ ] ok to use [ ] discard Drum diameter spec: __________ Actual drum diameter: __________mm [ ] ok to use [ ] discard Drum diameter spec: __________ Actual drum diameter: __________” [ ] ok to use [ ] discard Rotor Runout: __________” Rotor Parallelism: __________” Axle Axial Play: __________” C. Test the wiring harness. Check­off the problem conditions by wire color: Open wire: [ ] red [ ] black [ ] green [ ] yellow [ ] white Shorted wires: (pick 2) [ ] red [ ] black [ ] green [ ] yellow [ ] white Wire w/silicon diode: [ ] red [ ] black [ ] green [ ] yellow [ ] white Resistant wire: [ ] red [ ] black [ ] green [ ] yellow [ ] white D. Gather the indicated scan data using Global OBDII mode at idle Timing _________ B1­S1 HO2S [ ] active [ ] inactive Throttle % ______ IAT __________ ECT _________ MAP __________ DTC’s _____________ STFT __________ LTFT __________
E. Using a DMM, perform the following measurements on the operational circuits Load #1 Unpowered Resistance: __________ ohms Load #2 Unpowered Resistance: __________ ohms Powered Voltage Drop: __________ volts Resistor Unpowered Resistance: __________ ohms Powered Voltage Drop: __________ volts Diode Unpowered “Turn­on” Voltage: _________ volts Powered Voltage Drop: __________ volts Powered Voltage Drop: _________ volts Circuit Amperage as measured in series at the fuse: ______ amps **Cranking Amps Draw: ______ amps F. Using a DMM, perform the electrical component testing Fuel Injector Resistance: ________ [ ] Ohms [ ] kilo Ohms [ ] Mega Ohms Primary Ignition Coil Resistance: ________ [ ] Ohms [ ] kilo Ohms [ ] Mega Ohms Secondary Ignition Coil Resistance: ________ [ ] Ohms [ ] kilo Ohms [ ] Mega Ohms Relay Coil Resistance: ________ [ ] Ohms [ ] kilo Ohms [ ] Mega Ohms Relay A: [ ] no click [ ] clicks & doesn’t conduct [ ] clicks & conducts from 30 to 87 [ ] stuck on at all times Relay B: [ ] no click [ ] clicks & doesn’t conduct [ ] clicks & conducts from 30 to 87 [ ] stuck on at all times Relay C: [ ] no click [ ] clicks & doesn’t conduct [ ] clicks & conducts from 30 to 87 [ ] stuck on at all times Relay D: [ ] no click [ ] clicks & doesn’t conduct [ ] clicks & conducts from 30 to 87 [ ] stuck on at all times Throttle Position Sensor (potentiometer) Sweep Test: [ ] OK [ ] Drops out (intermittent open) [ ] open IAT (NTC thermistor) resistance at ambient temperature: ________ [ ] Ohms [ ] kilo Ohms [ ] Mega Ohms IAT (NTC thermistor) resistance when warmed: ________ [ ] Ohms [ ] kilo Ohms [ ] Mega Ohms Carbon Composition Resistor Resistance using ohmmeter: _________ Tolerance: [ ] ± 5% gold [ ] ± silver 10% Stepped Resistor Values: Coil #1 = _____ Ω Coil #2 = _____ Ω #3057 or #3157 or #1157 Bulb: Filament #1 = _____ Ω Coil #3 = _____ Ω Filament #2 = _____ Ω
G. Interpret the alignment readings and answer the questions If out of specs, check­off the customer complaint(s) & any tire wear or control problems: Example A: Caster [ ] within specs [ ] out of specs Customer Complaint would be: [ ] pulls right [ ] pulls left [ ] wanders [ ] no pull [ ] drifts to right [ ] drifts to left Tire Wear on Passenger Side: [ ] saw tooth wear [ ] inside wear [ ] outside wear [ ] even wear Tire Wear on Driver Side: [ ] saw tooth wear [ ] inside wear [ ] outside wear [ ] even wear Example B: Front Camber [ ] within specs [ ] out of specs Customer Complaint would be: [ ] pulls right [ ] pulls left [ ] wanders [ ] no pull [ ] drifts to right [ ] drifts to left Tire Wear on Passenger Side: [ ] saw tooth wear [ ] inside wear [ ] outside wear [ ] even wear Tire Wear on Driver Side: [ ] saw tooth wear [ ] inside wear [ ] outside wear [ ] even wear Example C: Front Toe [ ] within specs [ ] out of specs Customer Complaint would be: [ ] pulls right [ ] pulls left [ ] wanders [ ] no pull [ ] drifts to right [ ] drifts to left Tire Wear on Passenger Side: [ ] saw tooth wear [ ] inside wear [ ] outside wear [ ] even wear Tire Wear on Driver Side: [ ] saw tooth wear [ ] inside wear [ ] outside wear [ ] even wear Example D: Rear Toe & Thrust Angle [ ] within specs [ ] out of specs Customer Complaint would be: [ ] pulls right [ ] pulls left [ ] wanders [ ] no pull [ ] drifts to right [ ] drifts to left Tire Wear on Passenger Side: [ ] saw tooth wear [ ] inside wear [ ] outside wear [ ] even wear Tire Wear on Driver Side: [ ] saw tooth wear [ ] inside wear [ ] outside wear [ ] even wear Example E: Rear Camber [ ] within specs [ ] out of specs Customer Complaint would be: [ ] pulls right [ ] pulls left [ ] wanders [ ] no pull [ ] drifts to right [ ] drifts to left Tire Wear on Passenger Side: [ ] saw tooth wear [ ] inside wear [ ] outside wear [ ] even wear Tire Wear on Driver Side: [ ] saw tooth wear [ ] inside wear [ ] outside wear [ ] even wear Example F: Consider all angles front & rear (caster, camber, toe, SAI, thrust) [ ] within specs [ ] out of specs What is your interpretation of this vehicle’s steering, suspension & alignment condition? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________