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Chem 101
Nomenclature
Lecture 6 & 7
Household Chemicals
 NaHCO3
Baking Soda
 NaClO
Bleach
 NH3
Ammonia
 NaCl
Salt
 H2O2
Hydrogen Peroxide
Household Chemicals
 NaHCO3
Sodium Carbonate
 NaClO
Sodium Hypochlorite
 NH3
Nitrogen Trihydride
 NaCl
Sodium Chloride
 H2O2
Hydrogen Peroxide
Nomenclature Terms
Binary Compound contains 2 elements
Binary Ionic Compound :
a metal and a nonmetal
CaCl2
Metal named first:
calcium
Nonmetal named second with an –ide
ending:
chloride
Name:
calcium chloride
If metal has more than one charge
(transition metals) must indicate charge
with Roman numerals
I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII
or Latin endings
-ous = lower charge
- ic = higher charge
Nomenclature Terms
Binary Covalent Compound:
two nonmetals
SO2
Least electronegative element first:
sulfur
Second element has -ide ending:
oxide
Greek prefixes indicate subscripts
1
2
3
4
5
=
=
=
=
=
monoditritetrapenta-
6 = hexa7 = hepta8 = octa9 = nona10 = deca-
Name:
sulfur dioxide
Exception:
when 1st element is only a
single atom
Nomenclature Terms
Nonbinary Compound: more than 2 elements
NaOH
probably contains polyatomic ion(s)
Name the polyatomic cation first
Ionic: name metal first
sodium
Name the polyatomic anion second
hydroxide
Name:
sodium hydroxide
MUST KNOW the polyatomic ions by
name and formula to recognize them

Nomenclature Flow Chart
Nonmetal name
with –ide ending
Name the polyatomic
ion
+ 2 nonmetals
+ 1 nonmetal
Name the metal
Indicate metal charge
by (Roman #) or Latin
name (-ous or –ic)
Single-Charge
Metal
Multiple-Charge
Metal
*Metal + Nonmetal
Chemical Formula
2 Nonmetals
1) Use Greek prefixes
to indicate
subscripts
2) second element –ide
ending
H + Nonmetal(s)
Name as acids
* Treat NH4+ as a metal when
naming compounds
NaCl: Each sodium ion has a
1+ charge and each chloride ion has a 1charge, so they must occur in equal numbers
to give a net charge of zero.
FeCl3: one Fe3+ ion
balances the charge of three Cl- ions.
Determining the
Charge on a Transition Metal
Cation – Au2S3
• Determine the charge on the anion
– Au2S3: the anion is S, since it is in
Group 6A, and its charge is –2
• Determine the total negative charge
– Since there are 3 S in the formula,
the total negative charge is –6
• Determine the total positive charge
– Since the total negative charge is 6, the total positive charge is +6
• Divide by the number of cations
– Since there are 2 Au in the formula
& the total positive charge is +6,
each Au has a +3 charge
A flowchart for naming acids.
Naming of Acids
• If anion does not contain oxygen:
– Start with Hydro– Add –ic to the end
– Ex: HCl:
• Cl- is chloride, so the acid is Hydrochloric
acid
• If anion contains oxygen:
– Look at the ending
– If –ite, use anion root and -ous
– Ex: HNO2:
• NO2- is nitrite, so the acid is Nitrous acid
– If –ate, use anion root and -ic
– Ex: H2SO4:
• SO42- is sulfate, so the acid is Sulfuric acid
Nomenclature Practice
Name the following compounds:

Ba(OH)2

NaC2H3O2

Fe3(PO4)2

CaS

MgSO4

K2SO3

P2O5

N2 O

SO3

LiF