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Sexual Reproduction vs. Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction takes place when a male sex cell fertilizes a female sex cell. The young have characteristics of both parents. ! ! In asexual reproduction, there is no cell fertilization. Asexual reproduction involves only one parent. Young produced by asexual reproduction are identical to their parent. Types of Plant Reproductions: 1. Spore 2. Sexual Reproduction - (Involves 2 parents) 3. Asexual Reproduction - (Involves 1 parent) 4. Propagation Spore : (To reproduce, seedless vascular plants make spores.) – A single cell that can grow into a new organism.! • A spore holds only half the beginning of a complete new plant inside it.! • A spore then falls off a plant and germinates.! • A male plant must fertilize a female plant to produce. Ex.) Ferns Asexual Reproduction Some kinds of plants can grow from a part of a parent plant.! ! Examples: ! A new potato plant can grow from an “eye” of a potato. The eye of a potato is a bud. The bud grows into a new stem, leaf, or flower and also forms “runners” to reproduce new plants. Some plants, send out runners to form new plants. A runner is a kind of stem that grows sideways. Buds form along the runner and grow into new plants. Gymnosperm Gymnosperm- A vascular plant that produces seeds, but not flowers or fruits. ** The seeds rest in berries or on woody structures called cones. ! ! ** Seeds are the results of sexual reproduction. Seeds contain plant embryos, the beginnings of new plants. ! ! Seeds provides protection and a source of food for the embryo. Angiosperms (For some plants, flowers are necessary for reproduction.) Angiosperm - A vascular plant that produces seeds from flowers. * *All Angiosperms contain flowers and seeds. The flowers:! - make seeds and fruits to ! protect the seeds.! - either or both have ! male and female organs ! within one flower. Vegetative Propagation • Seeds and spores are just two ways in which a new plant may form. ! • In some species, part of the plant’s stem or root system might develop into a whole new plant.! • This form of reproduction is called Vegetative Propagation. Vegetative Propagation ** (It only requires one parent organism) Vegetative reproduction from a stem cutting less than a week old Production of new individuals along a leaf margin of the air plant