Download colder than average

1.
Name the surface winds that blow
between the subtropical high & equator.
2.
What is the ultimate
source of energy for wind?
3.
Trade winds
Solar radiation
(the sun)
Starts in the evening, blows toward the water
When does a LAND BREEZE originate
(start) and where does it blow?
4.
anemometer
What instrument measure wind
speed?
5.
Jet streams
What are the fast moving streams of
air that are above the friction layer
called?
6.
When does a SEE BREEZE originate (start)
and where does it blow?
7.
What is the Coriolis Effect?
8.
Define Air Pressure.
What direction is air pressure exerted?
Starts in the day (about noon) and blows toward the
land
a factor that affects wind, in the Northern
Hemisphere it deflects wind to the RIGHT
only affects wind direction
NOT wind speed
The weight of air above
It’s exerted in EVERY direction
9.
What is the weather phenomenon (event)
that causes surface temperatures in the
eastern Pacific Ocean to be colder than
average?
La Nina
lines that connect places of equal air pressure
10.
What are isobars?
**Be able to identify them on a map!
11.
Closely spaced isobars indicate high wind speeds
What do closely spaced isobars indicate?
Widely spaced isobars indicate light wind speeds
What do widely spaced isobars indicate?
12.
Define CYCLONE.
How do winds blow?
Is it high or low pressure?
13.
Define ANTICYCLONE.
How do winds blow?
Is it high or low pressure?
14.
What force generates wind?
15.
Define MONSOON.
Low Pressure Zones
cloudy conditions and precipitation
Pressure decreases toward the center
of a low pressure zone
Wind blows inward and counterclockwise
around a low
High Pressure Zone
clear skies and fair weather
Pressures increases toward the center
Winds blow away and clockwise
from a high pressure center
Air sinks in a high pressure zone = no clouds form
horizontal differences in air pressure
complete seasonal wind reversal
summer brings very wet and hot weather from Indian
Ocean
Winter is extremely dry and cold
16.
Name the 4 types of LOCAL WINDS
Land & Sea Breezes
Valley & Mountain Breezes
17.
What are the 3 forces that influence wind?
Pressure differences
Coriolis Effect
Friction
18.
Explain what happens at an
EQUATORIAL LOW
19.
What instrument measures air pressure?
20.
Explain what happens at a
SUBTROPICAL HIGH
21.
What are trade winds?
EQUATORIAL LOW- air is heated at
equator, it rises (producing abundant
moisture) until it reaches the tropopause,
then air is deflected toward the poles
Barometer
SUBTROPICAL HIGH – the air that was
raised at the equator & deflected
descends at 20-30®N & S latitude
(subtropics), the dry air cools (at
altitude)& sinks
-creating most of the
world’s deserts
Strong reliable winds, just north & south of
the equator
Subtropical High
22.
When does a MOUNTAIN BREEZE originate
(start) and where does it blow?
Starts at night
Blows down mountain toward the valley
23.
When does a VALLEY BREEZE originate
(start) and where does it blow?
Starts during the day
Air rises & blows toward the mountain top
24.
Does air flow from low to high pressure or
high to low pressure?
High to
low
25.
BE able to explain an EL Nino
*Be specific & thorough
26.
BE able to explain an La Nina
*Be specific & thorough
27.
What are the Prevailing Westerlies?
What do they bring to the U.S
unusually warm ocean that create
abnormal weather patterns
- Reversal of normally cold currents & their direction
- causes very wet winters in Gulf Coast & very warm winters
in western US & Canada
Occurs when surface ocean temperatures
are significantly colder than average
Very cold winters to Pacific Northwest & Great Plains,
warmer winters for rest of US
Global winds just north & south
of the equator
Bring U.S. weather
28.
Define PRESSURE GRADIENT
29.
What are the Polar Easterlies?
30.
What is a POLAR FRONT?
31.
Explain what happens at a
POLAR HIGH
32.
Explain what happens at a
SUBPOLAR LOW
pressure differences across a region
Winds that blow from the poles toward
the equator
collision of warm (prevailing westerlies)
and cold air masses (polar easterlies)
cold polar air sinks and flows along the
surface toward (Subpolar Low), and is
again deflected by Coriolis Effect
- creates the Polar Easterlies,
that bring cold polar air to
Alaska & Canada
VERY stormy area because of rising air &
the collision of warm (prevailing
westerlies) and cold air (prevailing
westerlies) and cold air masses