Download Psychology Final Exam Review 2016

Psychology Review 2016
The following are concepts and terms we have learned throughout the semester. Review and be familiar with
each, as they could all appear on the final exam. All notes can be found on my page on Ridge Point’s website
through fortbendisd.com.
UNITS 1 & 2:

Schools of Psychological Thought (Psychological Perspectives)
o
o
Behavioral Perspective

Naturalistic Observation

Nurture vs. Nature

Observable Behavior
Evolutionary Perspective


Genetics
Experiments
o
Correlation & Causation
o
Independent Variable & Dependent Variable
o
Placebo Effect
o
Averages

Mean

Median

Mode
o
Random Sample
o
Probability
o
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

Careers in Psychology

Psychologists
o
Wilhelm Wundt – introspection
o
John Watson - observable behavior
o
Wilhelm Wundt (Germany) - inner sensations
o
Charles Darwin - environmentally adaptive traits
UNITS 2 & 3:


Development
o Cognitive, Language, Emotional, and Perceptual Development
 Stimulus
 Attachment vs Imprinting
o Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s ideas on development
 Nature vs Nurture
Senses and Perception
o Sight (Visual)
 The process of seeing
 Rods and cones
 Optic nerve
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
 Blind spot
 Electromagnetic spectrum
Sound (Auditory)
 Parts of the ear
 How we hear
 Types of deafness and causes
Smell (Olfactory)
Taste (Gustatory)
 What taste buds are really called
 The parts of the tongue
Touch (Somatosensory)
Vestibular Sense
Kinesthetic Sense
Sensory Adaptation
UNIT 4:
 Thinking
o Irrational Thinking
o Creative Thinking
 Problem Solving
o Algorithm
o Heuristics
 Language
o Linguistics
o Language Development
 Critical period
 Stages for Infants
 Animals ability to learn to communicate
o Cultural differences
o Structure of Language
 Phonemes
 Morphemes
 Syntax
 Semantics
 Senses working together
 Theories of Motivation
o Motive
o Incentive Theory
 Drive
 Incentive
o Drive-Reduction Theory
o Cognitive Theory
 Intrinsic
 Extrinsic
o Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
 Fundamental Needs
 Physiological Needs
 Safety Needs
 Psychosocial Needs
 Self-Actualization Needs
 Emotions
o
o
o
o
o
Universal expressions
James-Lange Theory
Facial Feedback Theory
Cannon-Bard Theory
Schachter-Singer Theory
UNITS 5-7:


Personality
o Humanistic Theories
 Maslow
 Rogers
o Cognitive Theories
 Kelly
 Beck
 Seligman
 Epstein
o Sociocultural Theories
o Trait Theories
 Allport
 Cardinal
 Central
 Secondary
 Cattell
 The ‘big five’ traits
 Eysenck
Conditioning
o Classical
 Pavlov
 Conditioned and Unconditioned Stimulus and Response
 Acquisition
 Generalization
 Discrimination
 Extinction
 Emotional Responses
 Taste Aversions
 Behaviorism
o Operant
 Reinforcement
 Positive or Negative
 Primary or Secondary
 Partial
 Shaping
 Chaining
 Aversive Control
 Punishment
o Social Learning
 Cognitive Learning
 Latent Learning

 Learned Helplessness
 Modeling
 Mimicry
 Observational Learning
 Disinhibition
 Behavior Modification
Consciousness
o Sleep
 Stages
o Dreams
 Purpose
o Daydreaming
o Hypnosis
o Biofeedback
o Meditation
o Drugs
 Types
 Effects
 Addiction
UNITS 8 & 9:




Adolescence
o Cognitive Development
o Personal Development
o Social Development
o Difficulties
o Parent-Child Relationships
Adulthood
o Continuing Education
o Work
o Physical and Cognitive Changes
o Social and Personality Development
o Aging
Gender
o Roles
o Differences
o Parenting Styles
Psychological Disorders
o Identification
o Schizophrenia
o Dissociative Disorders
 Dissociative Amnesia
 Dissociative Fugue
 Dissociative Identity Disorder
o Somatoform Disorders
 Conversion Disorders
 Hypochondriasis
o Anxiety Disorders
o
o
 Phobias
 Panic Disorder
 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Pervasive Developmental Disorders
 Autism Disorder
 Asperger’s Syndrome
Mood Disorders
 Major Depressive Disorder
 Bipolar Disorder