Download nuclear fusion atoms

1
Name ________________
LOOK TO THE STARS
Word Sort
gravity
galaxy
Milky Way galaxy
Andromeda
light
e le c tr o m a gn et i c en er g y
interstellar medium
light-years
cosmic rays
heat
star
x-rays
radio waves
nebula
universe
energy
rotate
elements
fused
novas
dwarf stars
supernovas
helium
lithium
nuclear fusion
atoms
hydrogen
©2001 Maslowski Wildlife Productions
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classoom duplication and distribution.
2
Name ________________
LOOK TO THE STARS
Anticipation Guide
Directions: Answer the following questions by circling the correct response. Do your best!
1. Almost all of the stars we see belong to the same galaxy as ours.
True False
2. If you were to travel to Pluto, you would see all of the stars on
your way there.
True False
3. A galaxy is a large group of stars held together by gravity.
True False
4. Astronomers use meter sticks to measure distance in space.
True False
5. Stars are spaced about five light-years apart.
6. Five percent of the matter in the universe is found in stars.
7. Nebulas are denser clouds formed within the interstellar medium.
True False
True False
True False
8. There are more galaxies beyond the Milky Way galaxy.
True False
9. The Big Bang theory explains how stars are formed.
True False
10. Gravity and electromagnetic energy are universal forces.
True False
11. Planets are the building blocks of the universe.
True False
12. Nuclear fusion happens only with hydrogen atoms.
True False
13. Nuclear fusion converts matter into energy.
True False
14. When some stars die they explode into novas.
True False
15. All stars are the same.
True False
After viewing the program, review your answers. See how many questions you answered correctly.
Review the ones you answered incorrectly.
©2001 Maslowski Wildlife Productions
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classoom duplication and distribution.
3
Name ________________
LOOK TO THE STARS
VIDEO QUIZ
Directions: Now that you have viewed the video, let's challenge your memory by answering some
quiz questions. Fill in the blanks with the correct words. Good luck!
1. Nearly all stars we see at night belong to a group of over 100 billion stars called the
_________ ________ ______________ .
2. Cosmologists use light-years to measure ___________________ in space.
3. In places in space, the interstellar medium forms denser clouds called ___________________ .
.
4. Ninety-five percent of matter in the universe is found in ___________________ .
5. By looking deep into space, we can see back in time about __________________ billion years.
6. Many cosmologists say the ________ _________ Theory helps explain why the universe has
universal forces and continues to expand today.
7. A ________________ is a huge ball of fiery gas, generally a million or even a billion times larger
than Earth.
8. ______________ _________________ converts matter into energy to create a star's extraordinary heat and light.
9. ____________________ is the universe's most common substance.
10. A big star that explodes might form a super___________ .
.
©2001 Maslowski Wildlife Productions
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classoom duplication and distribution.
4
Name ________________
LOOK TO THE STARS
Discussion Questions
Directions: Answer the following questions as directed by your teacher.
1. How far is the Earth from the sun? What would be the best unit of measurement to answer this
question?
2. Where do most of the stars you see exist in outer space?
3. What is a light-year?
4. What is in space besides planets and stars?
5. Describe the interstellar medium.
6. What happens inside of the interstellar medium?
7. Are there more galaxies than the Milky Way galaxy? If so, why do scientists need to study them?
8. What does the Big Bang theory explain?
9. What is a star?
10. Stars are considered the building blocks of the universe. Why?
11. What building blocks can you think of here on Earth?
12. What are some of the elements found in stars?
13. How do scientist know that stars are dying?
14. There are many different types of dying stars. What is one type of dying star, and what are its
characteristics?
©2001 Maslowski Wildlife Productions
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classoom duplication and distribution.
5
Name ________________
LOOK TO THE STARS
What is a Star: Cloze Activity
Directions: Choose the correct word from the word box to complete the paragraph below. Use each
word only once. Reread your answers when you first complete the Cloze Activity to ensure your
answers make sense.
fused
interstellar medium
energy
nuclear fusion
helium
elements
gravity
hydrogen
nebula
gas
Stars form from a (1.) ______________________ , those immense, wispy space clouds of concentrated (2.) ________________ __________________ . (3.) _____________________ , and other
forces condense nebula particles into stars. A star is a huge ball of fiery (4.) ________________ .
Deep inside the star, (5.) _______________________ converts matter into energy. During nuclear
fusion, atoms get (6.)
___________________ , or welded together. At the same time, a little bit
of matter changes into a huge amount of (7.) ____________________ . Nuclear fusion also produces new kinds of elements or matter. For example, when two hydrogen atoms fuse, they become
(8.) _________________________ . When two helium atoms fuse, they become lithium, and so
forth. The process continues. At the beginning, nearly all matter in the universe was (9.)_________
and helium, the simplest of elements. Yet on Earth, we have about a hundred kinds of elements.
Most of these elements went through nuclear fusion in stars a number of times to become different
(10.) ________________________ . The stars of the universe cooked up ingredients of our world.
©2001 Maslowski Wildlife Productions
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classoom duplication and distribution.
6
Name ________________
LOOK TO THE STARS
Two Heads Together
Directions: With your partner, come up with a definition for each of the following terms. Go over each
term carefully. Your job is to come up with the best definition for each term. Complete sentences, correct spelling, and scientific explanations are expected. You may use additional resources or view the
program again.
Big Bang theory
Galaxy
Interstellar Medium
©2001 Maslowski Wildlife Productions
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classoom duplication and distribution.
7
Name ________________
LOOK TO THE STARS
A Star’s Life Cycle
Directions: Illustrate the life of a star. Use the terminology below to explain the process. You may
add more terms if you find it necessary. Neatness counts!
Terminology
interstellar medium
nuclear fusion
star
nebula
gravity
electromagnetic energy
energy
Choose one way a star will die:
dwarf stars
Black Holes
novas
supernovas
©2001 Maslowski Wildlife Productions
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classoom duplication and distribution.
8
Name ________________
LOOK TO THE STARS
Post-Test
Directions: Answer the following questions by circling the correct answer. Remember to double-check your work for accuracy after you have completed the test. Do your best!
1. When you look at a star, where in space are you looking?
A. Into other galaxies.
B. In the Milky Way galaxy beyond Pluto.
C. Towards the sun.
2. What does a light-year measure?
A. volume
B. weight
C. circumference
D. distance
3. The matter between stars is called?
A. asteroid belt
B. space
C. interstellar medium
D. Kuiper Belt
4. What does the Big Bang theory explain?
A. How time began
B. How the universe began
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
5. The Big Bang theory believes that everything in the universe was once concentrated into one point.
This point exploded, and ever since the universe has expanded.
A. true
B. false
6. Why are stars considered to be the building blocks of the universe?
A. Stars are found throughout the galaxy.
B. Stars become novas, supernovas, and Black Holes.
C. Nuclear fusion within stars creates needed elements for the universe.
D. The sun is a star.
7. What is the process of nuclear fusion?
A. The process of carrying light.
B. The process of two atoms fusing.
C. The process of gravity and inertia keeping the universe together.
D. The process of fusing two stars.
8. Ninety-five percent of the matter found in the universe is found in which of the following?
A. stars
B. planets
C. moons
D. interstellar medium
9. Stars die.
A. True
B. False
10. Which of the following best describes a galaxy?
A. A spiral shape of stars.
B. A large groups of stars held together by gravity.
C. The Milky Way.
D. The rotation of many planets and stars.
©2001 Maslowski Wildlife Productions
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classoom duplication and distribution.