Download 2. Which direction is the wind deflected in the southern hemisphere

Copy and answer the following in
your marble composition book.
1. Which direction is the wind
deflected in the northern hemisphere?
2. Which direction is the wind deflected
in the southern hemisphere?
3. Which best explains how the Coriolis effect
influences weather conditions?
A. It causes winds to rotate, forming tornadoes
on Earth.
B. It causes winds to move to the right in the
southern hemisphere.
C. It causes winds to turn to the right in the
northern hemisphere.
D. It causes winds to follow a straight–line path
around Earth.
Today we will…
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Briefly review of the global winds
Complete science starter
Learn about the Coriolis Effect
Plot the global winds while applying the
Coriolis Effect
• Last minute questions
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2.
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What do we know?
We know the three main types of
global winds.
We know where they are found on a
map.
We know how the convection cells
occurs through energy transfer in
the atmosphere.
We know the Earth rotates.
We know the Earth rotates in a
counter-clockwise motion.
The Coriolis Effect Influences the Movement of
Air in Atmospheric Circulation Cells
There are three
main global winds
that occur on the
Earth:
Westerlies
Easterlies
Trade Winds
The Coriolis effect is the observed
deflection of a moving object, caused by the
movement or spinning of the Earth.
(Other words for deflection: swerve, hook, curve,
whip)
Let’s see this in action:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dt_XJp7
7-mk
In the Northern Hemisphere
air turns to the right.
In the Southern Hemisphere
air turns to the left.
Put your brain power to use and let’s
explore how the Earth’s rotation effects
these global winds.
So what’s the bigger
picture?
The Coriolis Effect Deflects the Path of Moving Objects
As observed from space,
cannonball 1 (shot northward)
and cannonball 2 (shot
southward) move as we might
expect; that is, they travel
straight away from the cannons
and fall to Earth.
Observed from the ground,
however, cannonball 1 veers
slightly east and cannonball 2
veers slightly west of their
intended targets.
The effect depends on the
observer’s frame of reference.
The Coriolis Effect Influences the Movement of Air in Atmospheric
Circulation Cells
Global air circulation as described in the six-cell circulation model. Air rises at
the equator and falls at the poles, but instead of one great circuit in each
hemisphere from equator to pole, there are three in each hemisphere.
Coriolis Effect
Circulation of the Atmosphere
Solar Radiation - initial source of energy to the
Earth.
• It can be absorbed, reflected and reradiated.
• The redistribution of this energy controls the
structure and dynamics of the Atmosphere
and Oceans.
The Atmosphere Is Composed Mainly of Nitrogen,
Oxygen, and Water Vapor
Ascending air cools as it
expands. Cooler air can
hold less water, so water
vapor condenses into tiny
droplets - clouds.
Descending air warms as it
compresses – the droplets
(clouds) evaporate.
The air in the atmosphere moves in response to
uneven solar heating and Earth’s rotation.
Solar energy is absorbed into Earth’s surface. This
absorbed energy is converted into heat or infrared
radiation.
The Solar Heating of Earth Varies with Latitude
At high latitudes solar
radiation travels a longer
path through the atmosphere
and is less direct.
What factors govern the global circulation of air?
• Uneven solar heating
• The Coriolis effect
Re-distribution of heat
• Heat is gained at Equatorial latitudes and heat is lost
at higher latitudes
• Winds and ocean currents redistribute heat around
the Earth
Warm equatorial water flows to higher latitudes
Cool Polar water flow to lower latitudes
Earth’s Uneven Solar Heating Results in Large-Scale Thermal
Cell type of Atmospheric Circulation. These large scale cells
are created through the energy transfer Convection.
A convection current forms
in a room when air flows
from a hot radiator to a cold
window and back.
Air warms, expands,
becomes less dense, and
rises over the radiator. Air
cools, contracts, becomes
more dense, and falls near
the cold glass window.
A convection cell is driven by density differences
You are going to create the map of the global
winds applying the Coriolis Effect!
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To practice this:
Take your map in the sheet protector.
One partner should spin the map in the correct
rotation of the Earth (counter-clockwise). The
other partner will be drawing a straight line on
the map while your partner is creating the
Earth’s rotation.
Straight lines should be drawn FROM the
equator TOWARDS (TO) the poles.
Practice spinning and drawing on the map as a
team.
Take turns and switch off responsibilities.
Draw a straight line from the equator
toward the poles.
What direction does the line curve in the
Northern Hemisphere?
What direction does the line curve in the
Southern Hemisphere?
Science Starter for today:
On a blank sheet of notebook paper, compare and Contrast
the two global wind diagrams below using a venn diagram.
Satellite Image
Global Winds Diagram
You are going to create the map of the global winds applying
the Coriolis Effect!
• Erase any marks from your map in the sheet protector.
**Remember, you need to:
1. Think about what direction the Coriolis Effect impacts air
movement. It may help to write in the upper and lower corners
the correct wind direction (Northern hemisphere – Right;
Southern Hemisphere – Left).
2. Orient the map so that you are the source of the wind (the
arrow is going away from you).
Please Plot:
Cold sinking air from the poles extending to 60 degrees of
latitude.
What type of winds did you create?
Your map should look similar to this:
You are going to create the map of the global winds applying
the Coriolis Effect!
• Leave the winds you just created on your map – Do NOT
ERASE.
**Remember, you need to:
1. Think about what direction the Coriolis Effect impacts air
movement.
2. Orient the map so that you are the source of the wind (the
arrow is going away from you).
This time plot:
Air that flows toward the poles between 30 and 60 latitude .
What type of winds did you create?
Your map should look similar to this:
You are going to create the map of the global winds applying
the Coriolis Effect!
• Leave the winds you just created on your map – Do NOT
ERASE.
**Remember, you need to:
1. Think about what direction the Coriolis Effect impacts air
movement.
2. Orient the map so that you are the source of the wind (the
arrow is going away from you).
This time plot:
Air that blows from 30 almost to the equator.
What type of winds did you create?
Your map should look similar to this:
1. Which direction is the wind
deflected in the northern hemisphere?
2. Which direction is the wind deflected
in the southern hemisphere?
3. Which best explains how the Coriolis effect
influences weather conditions?
A. It causes winds to rotate, forming tornadoes
on Earth.
B. It causes winds to move to the right in the
southern hemisphere.
C. It causes winds to turn to the right in the
northern hemisphere.
D. It causes winds to follow a straight–line path
around Earth.