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Science 9 Sections 1.1 – 1.3 Unit D: Electrical Principles and Technologies 84 mins Electrical Energy Energy that is generated from the movement of electrons. Static Electricity The imbalance of electrons in or around an object. This remains until a current or electrical discharge rebalances the charges. Draw Examples: Lightning Electrical Charge and Attraction Neutral (No Attraction) Draw Like Charges (Repel) Unlike Charges (Attact) LAWS of Electrical Charge - Opposite Charges attract each other - Like charges repel each other Electrical Discharge Excess charge can “jump” to another object, felt as a shock or spark… or a lightning bolt. Van de Graaff Generators Mechanically build up static charge. Check and Reflect Questions: 1-9 Not Notes pg. 279 Electric Eel (Fish).. not an eel Current Electricity The steady movement of electrons through an object. Requires a complete circuit for the electrons to flow. Circuit – complete path that charged particles flow through Parts to a Circuit 1) Power source (Cell or Generator) 2) Path for the current to flow (Wires) 3) Load (Something to do work, Bulb) Make a circuit Lab 1 wire, 1 cell, 1 bulb Draw an example from the class Characteristics of Electricity 1) Amperes (Amp = A) The rate at with current flows 2) Voltage (Volt = V) 3) Power (Watt = W) Formula Power (P) = Voltage (V) x Amperes (I) Dangers of Electricity Short Circuit (Downed Power line) Electrical Shock Protecting yourself from Electrical Shock - Use insulators to block the flow of electricity The amount of energy in a single charged particle The Voltage x Amperes, Amount of energy per second used P = VxI A bypass of the normal circuit, path of least resistance High Voltage is dangerous (50000 V can kill) Amperage is more dangerous: - 0.015 A can cause muscle contraction - 0.1 A can kill… Wood, Rubber, and air don’t allow current to flow easily, they are known as insulators Break into groups and each group MUST place an example on the board. - Always unplug a device before serving - Don’t use damaged cords/devices - Don’t bypass safety features - Don’t remove the third prong Plugs, Fuses, and Breakers Plugs - have grounds Electricity has another path to travel Fuses - Break the circuit to stop the flow of electricity Must be replaced, the fuse melts (burned out) Breakers - Flip off like a light switch to stop the flow of electricity Lightning A wire heats up and flips a mechanical switch that flips off the breaker NEVER turn a break back on until you’ve fixed the problem