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Weather Notes Definition ______________________________________________________________________ The State of the Atmosphere _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ Evaporation- ________________________________________________________ Transpiration- ________________________________________________________ Role of Water Vapor Humidity: amount of water in the air is dependent on temperature -______________ in temp results in an ________________ in humidity -______________ in temp results in a ________________ in humidity Relative Humidity: amount of water vapor air holds compared to what it can hold at a __________________________. - Humidity _____________ as temperature ______________ Dew Point: _________________________________________________________________. Clouds ____________________________________________________________________. Steps to Cloud Formation 1. ________________________________________. 2. Pressure _____________________ and temperature _____________________. 3. Air parcel ________________ to the dew pt. temperature. 4. Water _____________________ around small particles of dust, salt, and smoke. Types of Clouds Classified: -_____________________ -_____________________ Height Classification •Cirrus - high clouds, ________________________________________________. 1 •Alto - middle clouds, grayish clouds, ___________________________________. •Strato - low clouds, uniform layer covering much of the sky. Cloud Forms •Cumulus - ___________________________________________. •___________________ - sheets or layers •___________________ - high, white, thin, feathery Combinations _________________________ - indicates fair weather with rain in the forecast Altostratus - ___________________________________________________ Cumulus – fair weather Cumulonimbus - heavy precipitation, lightning, thunder, hail -_________________________________________ -looks like huge towers with an anvil shape Precipitation __________________ – falls when temperatures are below freezing __________________ – falls when temps are above freezing __________________ – snow falls through a layer of warm air, melts and refreezes __________________ – freezes in layers around a particle of ice during thunderstorms Effect of Cloud Cover Clear skies - more heat reach’s earth’s surface leading to ________________________. Cloudy skies – ________________________________ so less sun reaches earth’s surface leading to cooler temperatures. Night Cloud Cover Clear skies – heat from earth travels freely back to space resulting in ___________ temperatures. Cloudy skies – ____________________________________ resulting in warmer temperatures. Air Mass Large body of air that has the same properties as the surface over which it develops. Consists of the ____________ temperature and ________ amount of moisture. 2 Types of Air Masses _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ Potential Air Masses cA – _______________________ cP – _______________________ cT – _______________________ mP – _______________________ mT – _______________________ Fronts Boundary between two masses Identifies the _______________________________ Cloudy and stormy Warm Front When a ________ air mass advances on a ________ air mass Drizzly precipitation __________________________________________ After front passes temperatures _________________ Cold Front When a _________ air mass advances on a ________ air mass _______________, produces thunderstorms, heavy rain, or snow Altocumulus, cumulonimbus After front passes temperatures _____________ 3 Stationary Front When ____________ a cold or warm air mass is ________________ Occluded Front When _______________________ takes over a warm front and __________________ Cool temperatures and lots of precipitation 4