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Download World War II Study Guide Vocabulary: 9. Goals of World War II Goals
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Name: ________________________________________ #: _________________ Test Date: March 10, 2017 World War II Study Guide Vocabulary: 1. Dictator - a ruler that has complete control over a country 2. Allied Powers - United States, France, Great Britain (United Kingdom/Britain), and the Soviet Union 3. Axis Powers - Germany, Italy, and Japan 4. Manhattan Project - secret group created by FDR to build the atomic bomb 5. Rationing - dividing food so Americans could send more resources/supplies to troops 6. Penicillin - medicine created to treat infections and prolong the lives of soldiers 7. Tuskegee Airmen - first African American military pilot group 8. Segregation - people that are separated from others based on color of skin, religion, or other beliefs 9. Goals of World War II Goals of World War II Hitler Japanese ● Wanted to take over all of Europe and then the rest of the world ● Wanted to show that the German race was superior (better) than everyone else ● Wanted to control the Far East for access to natural resources Allied Powers ● Stop and defeat the Axis Powers from invading other countries 10. Leaders: Leader Country Allied or Axis Powers Job/Occupation Adolf Hitler Germany Axis Powers Dictator of Germany, Leader of the Nazi’s Benito Mussolini Italy Axis Powers Dictator of Italy Hideki Tojo Japan Axis Powers Leader of Japan, told military to drop bombs on Pearl Harbor Winston Churchill Britain Allied Powers Prime Minister of Great Britain, asked FDR for assistance Franklin D. Roosevelt United States Allied Powers President of the U.S., declared war on Japan after Pearl Harbor, organized the Manhattan Project Joseph Stalin Soviet Union Allied Powers Dictator of the Soviet Union Causes and Events: 11. Why did Hitler want to take over Europe and eventually the rest of the world? Hitler was unhappy that the Treaty of Versailles made them pay back quite a bit of money while they also lost some of their land. He wanted to take back that land and show that Germany can be powerful. 12. Why was the Battle of Britain a key victory for the Allied Powers? The Allied Powers first victory against Germany was during the Battle of Britain. This marked the FIRST loss for Hitler and his army. 13. Describe the events that took place in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii? On December 7, 1941, Japan, without warning, bombed Pearl Harbor. Because the United States didn’t expect it, many ships were sunk and lives were lost. The FDR and the United States declared war on Japan the following day. 14. When did Germany (along with most of the Axis Powers) finally surrender? Germany and the majority of the Axis Powers surrendered during the invasion of Normandy, known as D-Day. However, Japan continued to fight until ‘all was lost’. 15. Which strategies did the Allied Powers use while in the European Theater? The Allied Powers used air raids (attacks by airplanes) to drop bombs on the enemy (mainly German) 16. Explain the island-hopping strategy that the U.S. used in the Pacific Theater. Japan tried to control as many islands as possible in the Pacific Ocean. Once Japan had bombed Pearl Harbor, the United States took over these islands one by one. Each island was used as a ‘pit stop’ for the military because they would run out of fuel before they reached Japan. 17. Explain the key roles that Truman played in World War II. After FDR had passed away, Harry Truman became the 33rd President of the United States. He was left with the tough decision to drop the bombs on Japan (which he soon agreed to do). He later desegregated the military saying that African Americans no longer had to fight in groups by themselves. Effects of World War II: 18. How did the view of African Americans change from the during the war to after the war? African Americans were originally not allowed to fight during the war. African Americans demanded that FDR give them wartime jobs. When he did, their jobs were often less important and they had to be separate from the rest of the troops. After the war, Truman desegregated the military. 19. Explain the hardships that Japanese Americans had to go through during the 1940s. Japanese Americans suffered the worst discrimination during WWII. Americans saw them as the people that bombed Pearl Harbor and put them into internment camps. Many Japanese Americans weren’t given the chance to prove their loyalty to the United States. 20. What happened to Germany after WWII had finished? Germany was divided into 4 zones, all controlled by the Allied Powers. West Germany was controlled by the United States, France, and Britain. East Germany was controlled by the Soviet Union. The German capital of Berlin was also split into these 4 zones.