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Name: __________________________ Class: ____________________ Date: _____________ Review: Protein Synthesis Anatomy Label each of the following structures or processes. Structures B. ________________________ C. ________________________ D. ________________________ E. ________________________ Processes A. _______________________ F. _______________________ Written by James Dauray http://www.aurumscience.com Page 1 Physiology Answer each of the following questions: 1. What is the first step of protein synthesis called? a. What is the second step of protein synthesis called? 2. Where does the first step of protein synthesis occur? a. Where does the second step of protein synthesis occur? 3. When a molecule of RNA is assembled from a DNA template, a specific set of bases is used. List the base used in the RNA molecule based on the ones present in DNA. a. Adenine (A) – b. Thymine (T) – c. Guanine (G) – d. Cytosine (C) – 4. Nitrogen bases are read by the ribosome ____ bases at a time. 5. Sets of three bases on the mRNA strand are called ____________. a. Corresponding sets of three bases on tRNA molecules are called ________________. 6. What is the start codon? 7. What are the three stop codons? 8. A bunch of amino acids put together makes ____________. 9. Explain the role of each enzyme in protein synthesis: a. DNA Helicase – b. RNA Polymerase – 10. The genetic code is described as redundant and non-ambiguous. Explain what these mean. Use your codon chart to determine the amino acid sequence. Remember to read through the strand and ONLY start on AUG and STOP when it tells you to stop. Follow example below: Example: DNA AGA CGG TAC CTC CGG TGG GTG CTT GTC TGT ATC CTT CTC AGT ATC mRNA UCU GCC AUG GAG GCC ACC CAC GAA CAG ACA UAG GAA GAG UCA UAG protein start - glu – ala –thre – hist – asp -glu-threo-stop acid 1. acid DNA CCT CTT TAC ACA CGG AGG GTA CGC TAT TCT ATG ATT ACA CGG TTG CGA TCC ATA ATC mRNA protein 2. DNA AGA ACA TAA TAC CTC TTA ACA CTC TAA AGA CCA GCA CTC CGA TGA ACT GGA GCA mRNA protein 3. DNA TAC CTT GGG GAA TAT ACA CGC TGG CTT CGA TGA ATC CGT ACG GTA CTC GCC ATC mRNA protein 4. DNA TAA ACT CGG TAC CTA GCT TAG ATC TAA TTA CCC ATC mRNA protein 5. DNA CTA TTA CGA TAC TAG AGC GAA TAG AAA CTT ATC ATC mRNA protein