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How to Give a Shot
or
Injection
Medication Dosage
Preparation
Organize pharmacy and medication bag
Review indication and dose of medication
Calculate Dose of medicine and
instructions to mix medicine.
Need weight of Patient in Kg
Dosage of medicine mg/Kg
Concentration of medicine mg/cc
Pharmacy Must Be Organized
Calculating Dose of Medicine
Step 1 Weigh the patient in Kg
Step 2 Check Dose in Book Treat with Dose of 50mg/Kg
Example Dose 50 mg of medicine for every Kg of weight
Step 3 Calculate Dose of Drug in mg per Kg (mg/Kg)
Calculation= Weight X Dose
Example 50mg for every Kg of patients weight
If Patient weights 10kg ( Weight 10Kg X Dose 50mg = 500mg)
Dose of medicine would be 500mg
Patient Number ONE
A child WEIGHTS 15 kg and has
pneumonia. She needs injection and
the DOSE of Ceftriaxone is 50mg/kg
What is the dose needed to treat the
child?
WEIGHT X DOSE
15Kg X 50mg = 750mg
She needs 750mg of Ceftriaxone
Step 4
Concentration of Medicine or Drug
Ask pharmacy for Concentration of Drug
Example 250mg /5ml (in 5 ml there is 250 mg of drug)
Medication Concentration usually given in “mg of medicine in cc”
written on bottle as mg/cc remember 1 cc is equal to 1 ml (1cc=
1ml)
250mg/5cc means 250mg of medicine in 5cc of fluid
1cc has 50mg of medicine.
(50mg/cc+50mg/cc+50mg/cc+50mg/cc+50mg/cc=
250mg/5cc
How many cc to give 100mg of medicine
Answer: 2cc because (50mg in 1 cc + 50mg in 1
cc= 100mg)
How many cc to give 200mg?
Answer: 4cc or 4ml
(50mgX4cc=200mg)
Patient TWO
Child Weights 25KG who appears sick
but does not require an injection will
need Amoxicillin with a Dose of 80/mg/
kg per or Day (80mg/kg/day) take 1/2 in
the morning and 1/2 in the evening
Concentration of medicine is 250mg/5cc
What are your instructions?
CALCULATION
STEP ONE WEIGHT X DOSE = DOSE OF MEDICINE
25KG X 80 MG = 2000MG OF AMOXICILLIN
STEP TWO HOW TO TAKE MEDICINE?
1/2 dose in Morning and 1/2 dose in Evening
1000mg morning and 1000mg evening
STEP THREE Concentration of Medicine
250mg/5cc or 1000mg/ 20cc
STEP FOUR
INSTRUCTIONS :
20cc in the morning and 20 cc in evening
Indications for Injections
Consider injections when patient are too
sick for medications by mouth
Need additional antibiotic coverage
If patients condition demands transfer
for more treatment
Intramuscular Injection
Injection into muscle with Medication
Site dependent on Age and Condition of Patient
Leg
Arm
Hip
Use injections to give
Vaccinations and Antibiotics
Syringe
Plunger
Syringe
Needles
The larger the number the smaller the needle
Confirm Medicine is Correct
and Calculate Dose
Medicine may be in a vial
Make sure the needle is attached
tightly and air is removed
Site for the Arm or Deltoid
Arm called Deltoid because that is the
name of the muscle
Location triangle below the shoulder
Inject in middle of triangle
Demonstration
No more than 1/2cc- 2cc of medicine
Technique for Intramuscular Injection
Inject medicine into muscle
Discuss the medicine
with your patient
Clean area with alcohol
Warn patient that the
injection will be painful
Squeeze the muscle
and locate landmarks
Inject at 90 degree angle
with a stabbing motion
Inject at 90 degree angle
with a stabbing motion
Once in muscle aspirate
to make sure not in blood
vessel
Inject medicine and then
withdraw needle
Thigh or Leg
Used for infants
Location
One hand above the knee
One hand below the hip
Outside of leg
Needle no greater than 1 inch
You will need help to hold baby
Hip or Gluteus site
Patient may stand or lay
Place thumb on hip bone and open
palm of hand inject in the middle of the
area your hand is covering.
To avoid artery and nerve do not go
lower than your hand
Not for infants until they can walk
Gluteal Site
Hip Injection Technique
Technique
Spread skin tightly prep with alcohol
Insert needle at 90 degrees
Quick dart like movement
Pull back on syringe to assure no blood
Inject medicine
Remove quickly careful with the needle
Observe for 20 minutes to watch for any
abnormal allergic reaction