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Cellular Respiration
Converting Chemical Energy from Carbohydrates
into Chemical Energy of ATP
A. Cellular Respiration (Aerobic )
1. Purpose: Produce energy in the form
of ATP. This process occurs in the
mitochondria of cells.
What organisms have mitochondria?
All eukaryotes including plants,
animals, and fungi.
2. Equation for Cellular Respiration:
C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 H2O + 6 CO2 + Energy
3. Overview of Aerobic Cellular Respiration In the mitochondria of living things, oxygen helps the breakdown of sugars (glucose) to release energy useable by the
cell (ATP)
O2
Pyruvic acid
Mitochondria
Glucose
Glycolysis
1 gram
holds 3811
calories
2
H+
Krebs
Cycle
Electron
Transport
Chain
H 2O
CO2
34
B. A Closer Look at Aerobic Cellular Respiration
1. Glycolysis (Anaerobic respiration) occurs in
cytoplasm. Glucose (6 carbon sugar) breaks down
into pyruvic acid (3 carbon) molecules and ATP
(energy)
A Closer Look at Aerobic Cellular Respiration
2. Krebs’s Cycle occurs in the
matrix of the mitochondria.
•
Pyruvic acid breaks
down into carbon
dioxide and ATP
3. Electron
Transport
Named
afterChain
this
also occurs
in theKrebs
guy: Hans
mitochondria
•
Electrons generated
earlier get together with
oxygen to make water
and energy
C. Energy Totals
1. 36 ATP molecules are
released from one glucose
molecule
2. A molecule of glucose contains
686 kcal of stored energy.
3. A molecule of ATP stores 7.5
kcal of energy.
How efficient is aerobic cellular
respiration?
D. Anaerobic Cellular Respiration
1. Glycolysis must find
In what conditions might you
another pathway when
need energy but not have ample
there is no oxygen present. oxygen?
Answer: when you’re doing this:
2. Fermentation releases
energy from pyruvic acid
and NADH made during
glycolysis.
3. The two main types of
fermentation are: alcoholic
fermentation and lactic acid
fermentation.
D. Anaerobic Cellular Respiration
Look at this
diagram of a
plant cell. Do
you think plant
cells conduct
cellular
respiration?
Why or why not?
E. Relationships
1. Aerobic Cellular Respiration and Breathing
• Oxygen is taken in
by humans as we
breathe and used
for cellular
respiration.
•
Oxygen is required
for the electron
transport chain to
operate and ATP to
be synthesized.
Energy Released through Cellular Respiration
•
36 ATP units are released from one glucose unit
•
A unit of glucose molecules contains 686 kcal of stored
energy. A unit of ATP stores 7.5 kcal. If 36 ATP units are
released from the breakdown of glucose, how efficient is
the transformation from energy stored in glucose to
energy released as ATP?
E. Relationships
2. Aerobic Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
•
These are “opposite
processes.”
•
The products of
photosynthesis are
the reactants of
respiration and vice
versa.
•
Energy stored
through
photosynthesis is
released through
cellular respiration
Cellular Respiration YouTube Video