Download Review sheet for weather test Answers

Name ______________________________ Date ____________ Per. _________
Student Sheet 7.1b
Directions Review the reading selections in your Science Book and your lab book to prepare for the test.
The Test will be divided into Parts A and Parts B.
Part A – In this part of the test you will observe a demonstration that your teacher has set up. You will be
asked to describe what you see and tell why it is happening. You will be graded on tour ability to describe
completely and in detail what you observe and to apply what you are seeing to real would situations. You
should be using words like density, heat transfer, currents, winds, “the molecules are…”
1. What is a vortex, and what causes it to form? 2. Draw a picture of a vortex
* Swirling air/liquids
Caused by:
* Rotation of the earth
* Uneven temperatures in air masses
* Uneven heating of the earth’s surface
* Uneven heating of the earth’s water
3. How does air above a heated surface move?
*Air above a heated surface becomes less dense and rises.
4. How does air above a cold surface move?
*Air above a heated surface becomes less dense and rises.
5. Draw a picture of what happens when hot air meets cold air?
6. Label the hot air in RED
7. Label the cold air in BLUE
8. How do hurricanes form?
* Warm air moves out from over land, over water near equator that is 200 ft deep. Air gains heat
energy from water. Rotation of earth North of the equator causes air to spin counterclockwise.
9. How are hurricanes and tornadoes alike?
* Both are columns of air that rotate. Both are caused by uneven heating of the Earth.
10. How are they different?
* Hurricanes: warm moist air develops over water, 550 kilometers across, rotation of earth, slow
moving
* Tornadoes: collision of warm moist air mass with cool dry air mass over flat land, 100-600
meters across, fast moving
11. What role does the sun play in the weather on Earth?
* Sun causes the water cycle to occur. Water evaporates into atmosphere and condenses into
clouds. Cold clouds cannot hold as much water and vapor turns into water. When clouds become
dense, precipitation falls from clouds.
12. What is a convection current?
* The movement of molecules in liquids and gases caused by density. Convection is one of the
most common ways that of heat transfers and mass moves from one place to another on the Earth.
* Less dense (warmer) air rises, more dense(colder) air sinks.
13. Draw a convection current
14. Think about the investigation when you heated the soil and water. Then answer the following
questions.
A. How did you set up your investigation to make it a fair test?
* Same size beakers, same amount of time heating and cooling, same amount of soil and water in
beaker
B. Which heated faster: soil or water?
* Soil
C. Which held its heat longer: soil or water?
* Water
15. Look at your graph from lesson 3.
A. What does the soil curve look like? Why?
* Mountain peak. The soil heats quickly when the light is on and cools quickly when light (sun) is
turned off.
B. What does the water curve look like? Why?
* Flat horizontal line that slightly angles up. Water heats up slower. Energy is transferred from
light to heat more slowly.
C. What was the temperature of your soil after 5 minutes of heating?
* Check your lab sheet. The temperature increased approximately 3 degrees.
16. Study the illustration of Tornado Alley on page 65. Answer the following:
A. What states make up Tornado Alley?
* Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Missouri
B. What causes tornadoes to form in Tornado Alley?
* Cool dry air mass from North collides with warm moist air mass from South over flat land.
17. Take another look at the illustration of a sea breeze and a land breeze on page 59. What is a sea
breeze, and when does it form?
* Sea breezes form during day.
* Sunlight heats earth, hot air rises above land, moves out over sea, cools and sinks over water,
then is drawn back over warm land.
18. Look at the illustration of the water cycle on page 72.
A. Describe the water cycle and how clouds form.
* Clouds form when warm air rises or when warm and cold air meet. Clouds are made up of
billions of tiny water or ice droplets and dust particles. Water on earth absorbs heat energy and
evaporates into water vapor & rises. Cool air holds less water vapor than warm air, so some of
vapor turns into liquid (condensation). Water falls from clouds to earth.
B. Draw and Label a picture of the Water cycle.
19. Look at the weather maps on page 70.
A. Where is the pressure high? What is the weather like there?
* Where there is a H on the map (MAP A – Nevada 30 degrees and clear)
B. Where is the pressure low? What is the weather like there?
* Where there is a L on the map (MAP A – North Dakota/Minnesota. Snow in North Dakota,
showers in Minnesota.)
C. Find a front. Where is it? What is the weather like there?
* MAP A – Warm front – from North Dakota to Arizona. Weather on East side of front is clear,
temperatures range from 30-60 degrees. West side of front is snow, temperatures range from 20-60
degrees.
D. In what direction is the weather moving across the United States? How can this help meteorologists?
* Southeast. Meteorologists can predict the path that the weather front will travel.
20. Think about the investigation in Lesson 7 in which you modeled ocean currents.
A. How do some deep ocean currents form?
* Surface winds
* Convection currents
* Uneven temperatures of ocean water
* Rotation of earth
B. How do winds affect ocean water?
* remember your lab - Surface currents follow wind, deep ocean current follow wind – but much
slower
C. How do ocean currents affect air temperatures around the world?
o · Help move heat around the world
o · Cold water from poles is pulled across bottom of ocean floor to warmer area
o · When the bottom ocean current hits a barrier – upwelling occurs
o · Convection currents – sea breezes