Download Guided Reading for Chapter 4 -- Dynamics: Newton`s Laws of

Guided Reading for Chapter 4 -- Dynamics: Newton’s Laws of Motion
Introduction (p. 72)
1. The subject of Dynamics will allow us to investigate...
Section 4-1: Force (p. 72-73)
2. What is a Force? State 3 examples of a Force.
3. What is required to accelerate an object?
4. What is another word for the Force of Gravity acting on an object?
5. Is Force a vector quantity, or a scalar quantity? How do you know?
Section 4-2: Newton’s 1st Law of Motion (p. 73-74)
6. According to Aristotle, what is an object’s natural state of motion?
7. What did Aristotle believe was required to keep an object in motion?
8. What did Galileo believe differently than Aristotle about an object’s natural motion?
9. What was Galileo’s “remarkable conclusion” about a moving object with no applied force?
10. How did Galileo interpret Friction?
11. Why is a Force required to push an object across a table at constant speed? What must
that Applied force due to the force of Friction?
12. When an object moves at constant speeds, what is true about the magnitudes of the forces
acting on it? What is true about the directions of those forces?
13. [KEY IDEA] What is meant by the phrase “Net Force”?
14. What is Newton’s First Law of Motion? What is another name for this Law?
15. What is the meaning of the term Inertia?
* Please answer Conceptual Example 4-1:
Section 4-3: Mass (p. 75)
16. What is the definition of Mass that Isaac Newton first utilized?
17. What is a more precise meaning of the term Mass?
18. What is the base unit for Mass?
19. Mass and Weight the not the same thing. Explain the difference between these two terms.
Section 4-4: Newton’s Second Law of Motion (p. 75-77)
20. What will happen when a Net Force acts on an object?
21. [KEY IDEA] How does the Net Force acting on an object relate to the Acceleration of the
object?
22. [KEY IDEA] How does the Acceleration of an object relate to the Mass of the object?
23. Express Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion in one or more complete sentences.
24. Express Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion in Equation Form. Also, define the meaning of the
three variables a, m, ΣF:
25. Based on Newton’s 2nd Law, what is perhaps a more precise definition of a Force?
26. What is the SI unit for Force? What is it equivalent to, in terms of more fundamental units?
27. In Example 4-2, a force of 5000 N is required to accelerate a 1000 kg car at a rate of (1/2)g.
This is approximately how many pounds of force?
28. In Example 4-3, the net force required to stop a car is considered to be negative. What is
implied by this negative force?
Section 4-5: Newton’s Third Law of Motion (p. 77-80)
29.An applied force can cause an object to accelerate. In general, where does the applied
force come from?
30. When a hammer hits a nail, where does the force on the nail come from? In other words,
what object exerts that force?
31. * Which object feels a greater force: the hammer, or the nail?
32. [KEY IDEA] What is Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion? For example, what does Newton’s 3rd
Law say is true about the forces acting on the hammer and the nail?
33. In Figure 4-9, where does the force come from that causes her to accelerate?
34. How does the force from the wall on the skater compare to the force that the skater exerts
on the wall?
35. When you take a step forward, does your foot push on the ground in the direction that you
move? What is actually happening that allows you to move forward?
36. Respond to Exercise A, on the bottom of page 80.
a. -
b. -
c. -