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• U.S. Foreign Policy in the Interwar Years, and entry into World War II • Notes # 19 [Chap. 25] • Introduction • The Interwar Years:1919-1939 • Isolationism? • Washington Naval Conference (1921-1922) • “The Good Neighbor” Policy • II. The Beginnings of World War II The Axis Powers-Italy, Germany, Japan (Rome-Tokyo-Berlin Axis [1940]) • Benito Mussolini (Italy) • Fascism- • Treaty of Versailles(1919) • Adolph Hitler (Germany) • Nazi Party • Japan: 1936-Military takes over • Admiral Hideki Tōjō • Axis Aggression (1931-1937) World War II (Began Sept., 1939- ended August, 1945) III. The U.S. Reaction • “Lend-Lease” “The Arsenal of Democracy” “The Four Freedoms” 1) Freedom of Speech and Expression 2)Freedom of Worship 3)Freedom from Want 4)Freedom from Fear Sir Winston Churchill ( Prime Minister-Great Britain) • 12/7/1941-Pearl Harbor, Hawaii • U.S. Declares War on Japan: December 8, 1941 • Allies- U.S, Great Britain, Russia • IV. The Home Front • A. Philip Randolph • “March on Washington” • Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC) • “Double V” campaign • Women and the War-“Rosie the Riveter” • The Internment of Japanese-Americans • V. Military Highlights A. The European Theatre of Operations -Goal: Defeat Germany, Italy • The “Tuskegee Airmen” • -Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower Normandy, France (“D-Day” -June 6, 1944)Turning Point -Europe The “Holocaust” • B. The Pacific Theatre of Operations • Goal: defeat Japan - Battle of Midway (1942)- Turning Point - the Pacific • “Island Hopping” • FDR dies: 4/1945 • VP Harry Truman assumes office • The “Manhattan Project” Atomic Bombs dropped: 1) On Hiroshima (8/6/1945) 2) On Nagasaki: 8/9/1945