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Spelling Rule 1: ff, ll, ss Rule: For one syllable words with a short vowel that end in f, l, or s, double the final f, l, or s. Examples: cuff puff cliff mall doll swell loss chess grass Add a double consonant to the proper word. ©2014 MaxScholar ff" 1. sni________ ff" 2. sti_________ ff" 3. pu________ ll" 4. she_______ ll" 5. ye________ ss" 6. fi_________ ss" 7. mi________ ss" 8. to________ ss" 9. gla________ 4 Here are some words that follow the ff,ll,ss rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar tell stuff sell dress bless drill spill scroll staff skill pill egress wall fluff shell glass bluff skull dull yell puff 6 Spelling Rule 2: ld, nd, st Rule: The vowels i and o in one-syllable words that end in ld, nd, and st may have a long sound. That means the vowel says its own name. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar hold scold fold gold child mild wild grind host post most ghost find kind blind behold 10 Here are some words with the ld, nd, st rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar child hold blind host grind mild scold post bind most bold behold wild ghost cold fold mold find kind gold hind 11 Spelling Rule 3: Rule: Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar y says /ī/ In some one-syllable words y says /ī/. ply dry sky sly shy why pry fly cry spry spy by fry try my 15 Here are some words with the y says /ī/ rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar fry dry my spry shy by cry fly pry sly spy why sky try ply 16 Spelling Rule 4: /k/ spelled k and ck Rule: 1. /k/ can be spelled k or ck. 2. Use ck at the end of a word directly after a single short vowel. 3. Use k after a consonant, after a longvowel sound, or after two vowels. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar back deck lack rock suck track trick meek fake lake fork mark spoke woke peek week 20 Here are some words with the /k/ spelled k and ck rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar back sleek fake flick Greek choke deck tuck truck sack meek stroke suck track trick neck rock sink week luck duck 21 Spelling Rule 5: /ch/ spelled ch and tch 1. /ch/ can be spelled ch or tch. Rule: 2. Use tch at the end of a word directly after a single short vowel. 3. Use ch at the beginning of a word, or at the end of a word after a consonant, or after two vowels. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar arch beech batch hatch inch bunch catch latch much gulch ditch notch rich lunch fetch channel 26 Here are some words with the ch and tch rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar batch roach each catch touch much hatch starch match latch swatch grouch finch punch pitch such mulch pooch patch watch starch 27 Spelling Rule 6: /j/ spelled ge and dge Rule: 1. /j/ can be spelled ge or dge. 2. Use dge at the end of a word directly after a single short vowel. 3. Use ge after a consonant or after a long vowel sound. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar hinge ledge huge dodge fudge bulge hedge ridge purge rage wage cage 32 Here are some words with the ge, dge rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar edge gorge badge verge bridge stage dodge range fudge purge hedge large judge merge lodge forge nudge bulge ridge wage wedge 33 Spelling Rule 7: /ij/ -- spelled age Rule: /ij/ at the end of a word is spelled age. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar cage wage sage page stage manage rage image dosage damage 38 Here are some words using the age rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. cage rage sage image damage dosage engage garage manage voyage bandage bondage cottage cartilage birdcage language mortgage shortage underage wreckage savage ©2014 MaxScholar 39 Spelling Rule 8: /ou/--spelled ou and ow Rule: Use ou at the beginning or in the middle of a word unless the /ou/ sound is followed by a single n, l, er, or el; then use ow. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar flour clown power shout brown tower vowel growl towel down flower ground 43 Here are some words using the ou, ow rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar cloud four found noun mound ouch scout pouch spout trout allow clown towel frown chow rowdy glow drown plow vowel town 44 Spelling Rule 9: /ô/--spelled au and aw Rule: Use au at the beginning or in the middle of a word unless the /ô/ sound is followed by a single n, l, er, or el; then use aw. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar dawn sauce hawk fault sauna prawn fraud haul yawn pause crawl claw 46 Here are some words using the au, aw rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar straw crawl jaw raw dawn flaws auto law prawn audit fault squaw lawn slaw fraud sauce cause saw pause maul shawl 47 Spelling Rule 10: Rule: Plural 1. Plural means “more than one.” 2. Words are made plural by adding s or es to singular words. 3. Add s to regular plurals. 4. Add es to words ending in –ch, -s, -sh, -x, -y, -z. 5. If the -ch ending is pronounced with a k then add –s. 6. Some words ending in -f or -fe change to –ves. 7. If the word ends in a vowel -a,e,i,o,u, + y then just add -s. 8. If the word ends in a consonant + y then it changes to –ies. 9. You can either add an -s or -es to words ending in -o or sometimes they're spelled either way. 10. There are some words that are the same in the plural as in the singular. Examples: file/files life/lives memory/memories ©2014 MaxScholar box/boxes wife/wives video/videos stomach/stomachs baby/babies sheep/sheep 49 Here are some plural words for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. file/files deer/deer stereo/stereos tray/trays body/bodies journey/journeys life/lives glass/glasses girl/girls wash/washes key/keys baby/babies shelf/shelves radio/radios fish/fish wife/wives box/boxes book/books cod/cod video/videos scissors/scissors ©2014 MaxScholar 50 Spelling Rule 11: Homonyms Rule: A homonym is a word that sounds the same as another word or words but has a different meaning and is spelled differently. There are over 400 homonyms in the English language. Examples: be-bee pear-pair hair-hare ©2014 MaxScholar knew-new mail-main made-maid one-won toe-tow so-sew 55 Here are some homonyms words for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. aid-aide affect-effect ate-eight bolder-boulder die-dye fair-fare heal-heel higher-hire hours-ours knight-night lead-led loan-lone miner-minor pair-pare patients-patience plain-plane poor-pour principal-principle quarts-quartz right-write sole-soul ©2014 MaxScholar 57 Spelling Rule 12: Homonyms—Two, To, Too Rule: A homonym is a word that sounds the same as another word or words but has a different meaning and is spelled differently. The homonyms two, to, and too are important. Definitions: two: to: too: ©2014 MaxScholar a number a direction, towards in addition, also 60 Spelling Rule 13: Homonyms—There, Their, They’re Rule: A homonym is a word that sounds the same as another word or words but has a different meaning and is spelled differently. The homonyms there, their, and they’re are important. Definitions: ©2014 MaxScholar there: a place their: belonging to them (more than one person) they’re: contraction for they are 64 Spelling Rule 14: Contractions Rule: A contraction is a word made from a verb and another word. An apostrophe takes the place of any letters that are left out. A contraction can be made by joining a verb and the word “not,” a word and the verb “is,” and a pronoun and a verb. Although there are nearly one hundred different contractions, you will learn many of the commonly used ones here. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar aren’t isn’t who’ll can’t that’s who’s hasn’t they’ll won’t he’ll we’d you’ve 68 Here are some contractions for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar wouldn’t who’s can’t that’s I’d they’d didn’t won’t there’s we’ll you’ve aren’t weren’t they’re you’ll couldn’t wasn’t here’s he’s she’ll isn’t 71 Spelling Rule 15: Doubling Rule (1-1-1 Rule) Rule: If a one-syllable word ends in one consonant with one vowel before it, double the final consonant of the word when you add a suffix that begins with a vowel. Do not double the final consonant if the suffix begins with a consonant. Never double the letters w, x, and y. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar mad + est mad + er mad + ly mad + ness snow + ing box + ing play + er maddest madder madly madness snowing boxing player 73 Here are some words that use the doubling rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar stopped digging illness rubbed stopped hoping sitting witness grinned foggy badly shipping joyful sadly planned wrapping scrubbing tripped swimming spotted running 74 Spelling Rule 16: ie, ei Rule Rule: “Use i before e except after c, unless sounding like a as in neighbor or weigh.” When it sounds like /ē/, it is usually ie, but sometimes it is ei. The /ē/ sound on the end of a word is usually spelled with y, but it can be ie. There are many exceptions. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar field belief receipt brief calorie shield cashier pierce nightie prairie wield ceiling movie rookie deceive 78 Here are some words using the ie, ei rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar weird hygiene deceive diesel piece retrieve niece beige sleigh siege yield shriek freight achieve neighbor priest ceiling receipt receive conceive deceit 79 Spelling Rule 17: /ôt/--spelled aught and ought Rule: Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar The /ôt/ sound is spelled aught or ought. taught naughty slaughter naught sought brought bought caught daughter haughty ought drought thought fought 81 Here are some words with the aught and ought rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar slaughter daughter haughty naughty caught naught taught brought drought thought bought fought ought sought naught thought fraught wrought waught aught taught 82 Spelling Rule 18: Silent-e Rules Rule: 1. When a word ends in silent-e, drop the e when adding a suffix that begins with a vowel. 2. When a word ends in silent-e, keep the e when adding a suffix that begins with a consonant. Examples: ©2014 MaxScholar hiking hoping blaming likely driving liking dining shiny safely hopeful 84 Here are some words with the silent-e rule for you to read. Start a stopwatch and then read as many words as you can in one minute. ©2014 MaxScholar hiking liking hoping dining blaming shiny joking hopeful likely safely driving used useful skater dated spoken baking barely hoping abiding carefully 85
