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Chemistry
Sc09
Name______________
Block___
The Structure of the Atom
1. Atomic Number of an Element
The ATOMIC NUMBER of an element is the number of PROTONS in the nucleus of the atom. All atoms of the same
element have the same atomic number. The number of protons that an atom has determines what that element is.
2. Atomic mass of an element.
The atomic mass of an atom is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons contained in the nucleus of that
atom
ATOMIC MASS = number of PROTONS + number of NEUTRONS
3. Neutral Atom
In a neutral atom, the number of ELECTRONS EQUALS the number of PROTONS.
The electron is considered to have negligible mass.
4. Charged Atom
Ions are formed by an atom either losing or gaining electrons.
Positive Ion. Loss of electrons (Cation)
Negative Ion. Gain of electrons (Anions)
Ions are written with the normal symbol such as Oxygen O and added in superscript is the charge - O25. Atomic mass in grams
When the atomic mass is taken to be in grams, the amount of the substance present is the mole (6.02 x 1023)
Exercise
Fill in the blanks for the neutral atom of the following:
Element
Atomic #
# Protons
# Electrons
Iron
Calcium
Iodine
Atomic Mass
30
20
56
20
53
127
Zinc
Bismuth
# Neutrons
30
83
35
126
2. If an element contains 34 protons in its nucleus, this element is called __________. If the number of neutrons is 46 for this element, the
atomic mass is __________. The number of electrons in the neutral atom is __________.
3. An ion contains 8 protons and 10 electrons, the symbol for this ion is __________.
4. Element with atomic number 38 contains 36 electrons. What would the symbol be for this ion ________?
5. An element has 48 protons and 62 neutrons. This element is called __________ . It has an atomic mass of __________.
6. An element has 10 neutrons and an atomic mass of 18. What is this element.__________
7. An element contains 17 electrons in the neutral form. Name the element. __________
8. An element forms a +3 ion and contains 28 electrons and a mass of 70. Name the element and list the number of each of the fundamental
particles. P __________, N __________, E __________
1
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
Chemistry
Hydrogen
H
Fluorine
F
9
9
19
(Atomicmass - Atomic #)
Atomic Mass
(rounded)
9
# of Neutrons
Name______________
Block___
# of Electrons
# of Protons
Symbol
Element
Atomic Number
Sc09
10
Carbon
N
16
17
16
Al
Potassium
4
80
53
82
Cesium
Cu
18
15
Barium
Au
Bromine
Na
2
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
Chemistry
Sc09
Name______________
Block___
Symbols, Subscripts, Coefficients, Brackets
BaF2
- the 2 in this formula is called the subscript. It refers only to the element preceding it.
In this case the F (fluorine).
3 BaF2 - the 3 in this formula is called the coefficient. It refers to each element that follows.
In this case there would be 3 Ba (barium) and 3 F2 (for a total of 6 fluorine).
Al(NO3)3 - in some chemical formulas it is necessary to use brackets. The subscript outside the brackets refers to all
the elements inside the brackets. In this example there are:
one Al (aluminum), three N (nitrogen), and nine O (oxygen).
Example - calculate the number of atoms in each of the following formulas:
1. KCl
2. HNO3
3. Al(OH)3
4. 4 K2SO4
- one K (potassium)
- one Cl (chlorine)
total of 2
- one H (hydrogen)
- one N (nitrogen)
- three O (oxygen)
total of 5
- one Al (aluminum)
- three O (oxygen)
- three H (hydrogen)
total of 7
- eight K (potassium)
- four S (sulphur)
- sixteen O (oxygen)
total of 28
In your notebooks calculate the # of atoms for each of the following;
1. NaCl
6. 6 H2SO4
2. 2 HNO3
7. Si(HCO3)4
3. 2 KOH
8.
Al(C2H3O2)3
4. KMnO4
9.
2 Al(CO2)3
5. K2SO4
10. 3 B2(CO3)3
3
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
Sc09
Chemistry
Name______________
Block___
List the elements and number present in each of the following compounds;
a) NaCl
- 1 SODIUM 1 CHLORINE
2 ATOMS TOTAL
.
b) LiClO3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
c) KF
- __________________________________________________________________________________
d) MgCO3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
e) SeBr2
- __________________________________________________________________________________
f) SO3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
g) Al(OH)3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
h) BeSO4
- __________________________________________________________________________________
i) NCl3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
j) AgBr
- __________________________________________________________________________________
k) P2O5
- __________________________________________________________________________________
l) CoCl2
- __________________________________________________________________________________
m) MnO2
- __________________________________________________________________________________
n) CoHCO3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
o) NiF3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
p) Al2S3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
q) Sr(HCO3)2
- __________________________________________________________________________________
r) Ga(OH)3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
s) NH4ClO3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
t) MoPO4
- __________________________________________________________________________________
u) AuNO3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
v) CuOH
- __________________________________________________________________________________
w) Fe(OH)2
- __________________________________________________________________________________
x) Cr2CO3
- __________________________________________________________________________________
y) AgCl
- __________________________________________________________________________________
z) SnP4
- __________________________________________________________________________________
4
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
Sc09
Chemistry
Name______________
Block___
Draw the Bohr Diagrams for the following elements
Hydrogen
Helium
Lithium
Carbon
Oxygen
Magnesium
Chlorine
Argon
5
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
Chemistry
Sc09
Name______________
Block___
1. Give the combining capacity for each of the following elements.
(if the element has multiple combining capacities, list all.)
a) Be __________
h) I __________
o) Na __________
b) Cu __________
I) N __________
p) Fe __________
c) F __________
j) O __________
q) H __________
d) Pb __________
k) P __________
r) Sn __________
e) K __________
l) S __________
s) Mg __________
f) Ca __________
m) Sr __________
t) He __________
g) Al __________
n) Cl __________
u) Ba __________
2. Write the chemical formula for the compound that results when each of the following elements combine.
Li +
a) Lithium and Chlorine b) Sodium and Chlorine
-
+
Cl -
→
LiCl
.
________________________________________________________________
c) Magnesium and Bromine -
_______________________________________________________________
d) Potassium and Iodine -
_______________________________________________________________
e) Hydrogen and Fluorine -
_______________________________________________________________
f) Calcium and Oxygen
-
_______________________________________________________________
g) Strontium and Chlorine -
_______________________________________________________________
h) Aluminum and Oxygen -
_______________________________________________________________
i) Rubidium and Bromine -
_______________________________________________________________
j) Copper(II) and Iodine -
_______________________________________________________________
k) Iron(III) and Oxygen -
_______________________________________________________________
l) Calcium and Bromine
-
_______________________________________________________________
m) Hydrogen and Chlorine -
_______________________________________________________________
n) Magnesium and Oxygen -
_______________________________________________________________
o) Calcium and Iodine
_______________________________________________________________
-
p) Hydrogen and Oxygen -
_______________________________________________________________
q) Sodium and Nitrogen
_______________________________________________________________
r) Manganese(II) and Arsenic
_______________________________________________________________
6
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
(H )
Charge
Symbol &
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Name______________
Block___
Sulphur
Fluorine
Oxygen
Hydrogen
+
Chlorine
Chemistry
Sc09
H+
H2O
Lithium
Beryllium
Sodium
Calcium
Potassium
Zinc
Aluminum
Iron II
Iron III
Gallium
Barium
Magnesium
Strontium
Rubidium
Symbol &
Charge⇒
Rb3N
O2-
Rb+
N3-
7
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
Sc09
Chemistry
Name______________
Block___
Name the following Polyatomic Ions (Radicals)
Symbol Charge
NH4
1+
CO3
OH
SO4
NO2
CH3COO
NO3
Name
Ammonium
Symbol
HCO3
PO4
HSO4
MnO4
SO3
C2O4
Cr2O7
Charge
Name
Use the above list of polyatomic ions and those from the back of your periodic table
to identify the chemical formula;
1. zinc sulfate ______________________________________________________________________
2. barium chlorate ___________________________________________________________________
3. ammonium chloride _______________________________________________________________
4. potassium permanganate ____________________________________________________________
5. sodium bicarbonate ________________________________________________________________
6. ammonium dichromate _____________________________________________________________
7. aluminum hydroxide _______________________________________________________________
8. sodium hydroxide _________________________________________________________________
9. potassium carbonate _______________________________________________________________
10. lead (II) sulphate _________________________________________________________________
11. calcium phosphate _______________________________________________________________
12. copper (II) sulphate _______________________________________________________________
13. hydrogen phosphate ______________________________________________________________
14. iron (II) phosphate ________________________________________________________________
15. calcium carbonate ________________________________________________________________
8
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
Chemistry
Sc09
Name______________
Block___
Name the following compounds;
[ Be careful when naming transitional metals with more than one valence - ie. Copper (I) or Copper (II) ]
1. HNO3
Hydrogen Nitrate
21. NH4OH
2. H3PO4
22. NaHCO3
3. Na2SO4
23. K2CO3
4. Mg(OH)2
24. CuSO4
5. Na2CO3
25. KHCO3
6. NaOH
26. H2SO4
7. AgNO3
27. Al2(SO3)3
8. Al2(SO4)3
28. AgNO3
9. KNO3
29. Ba(NO3)2
10. Ca(OH)2
30. Fe(OH)3
11. KNO2
31. K2SO4
12. Mn3(PO4)2
32. HCH3COO
13. Al2(SO3)3
33. CsHCO3
14. Pb(OH)2
34. LiOH
15. KMnO4
35. BaSO4
16. NH4NO3
36. (NH4)2SO4
17. NaClO3
37. Sc(OH)3
18.Zn(CH3COO)2
38. Cd3N2
19. Zn(HCO3)2
39. Hg3N2
20. PbSO3
40. SnBr4
9
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
Sc09
Chemistry
Name______________
Block___
Write the formula for the following;
Remember;- non - metal portion of the compound name ending in ATE usually means that a radical is involved
(ie. Nitride is the ion N3- , whereas Nitrate is the radical NO31. zinc oxide
Zn2+ + O2- →
ZnO
2. calcium fluoride
3. barium sulfate
4. silver chloride
5. zinc nitride
6. copper (I) oxide
7. sodium iodide
8. cadmium oxide
9. calcium chloride
10. hydrogen sulfide
11. potassium chloride
12. mercury (II) oxide
13. iron (III) sulfide
14. mercury (I) sulfide
15. tin (IV) bromide
16. aluminum oxide
17. zinc sulfate
18. barium chlorate
19. calcium phosphate
20. copper (II) sulfate
21. hydrogen phosphate
22. iron(II) phosphate
23. calcium carbonate
24. mercury (I) phosphate
25. ammonium nitrate
10
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
Sc09
Chemistry
Name______________
Block___
Write the formula for the following compounds:
1. Sodium Chloride ____________________________
26. Mercury (I) Bicarbonate_______________________
2. Calcium Nitrate _____________________________
27. Aluminum Sulphate __________________________
3. Lead (II) Hydroxide __________________________
28. Radium Phosphate ___________________________
4. Magnesium Chromate ________________________
29. Sodium Dichromate __________________________
5. Barium Fluoride _____________________________
30. Iron (II) Sulphate ____________________________
6. Potassium Sulphate ___________________________
31. Cadmium Bisulphite _________________________
7. Silver Chlorate ______________________________
32. Silver Nitrate _______________________________
8. Aluminum Acetate ___________________________
33. Magnesium Oxide ___________________________
9. Mercury (I) Sulphate _________________________
34. Beryllium Permanganate ______________________
10. Lithium Carbonate ___________________________
35. Hydrogen Chloride __________________________
11. Copper (II) Hydroxide ________________________
36. Potassium Sulphide __________________________
12. Tin (IV) Sulphate ____________________________
37. Aluminum Oxide ____________________________
13. Calcium Fluoride ____________________________
38. Hydrogen Sulfate ____________________________
14. Hydrogen Nitrate ____________________________
39. Lead (IV) Hydroxide _________________________
15. Potassium Oxide ____________________________
40. Cobalt (II) Chloride __________________________
16. Francium Hydroxide _________________________
41. Sodium Bicarbonate _________________________
17. Sodium Phosphate ___________________________
42. Strontium Iodide_____________________________
18. Strontium Nitrite ____________________________
43. Cobalt (II) Hydroxide ________________________
19. Hydrogen Phosphate _________________________
44. Iron (III) Dichromate _________________________
20. Silver Sulphide _____________________________
45. Tin (IV) Carbonate___________________________
21. Magnesium Chloride _________________________
46. Lithium Iodide ______________________________
22. Calcium Bicarbonate _________________________
47. Mercury (I) Acetate __________________________
23. Hydrogen Sulphite ___________________________
48. Ammonium Dichromate _______________________
24. Zinc Bisulphite ______________________________
49. Ammonium Phosphate ________________________
25. Calcium Iodide ______________________________
50. Mercury (II) Bisulphate _______________________
11
Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009
Sc09
Chemistry
Name______________
Block___
1. carbon monoxide ____________________
26. S2O3 _____________________________
2. carbon dioxide ______________________
27. NO3 _____________________________
3. sulphur monoxide____________________
28. PI3 ______________________________
4. carbon tetrachloride __________________
29. P2I4 ______________________________
5. water______________________________
30. CO ______________________________
6. dichlorine heptoxide__________________
31. S4N4 _____________________________
7. selenium tetrachloride ________________
32. C2Cl6 ____________________________
8. dinitrogen pentaphosphide _____________
33. SO3 _____________________________
9. phosphorous pentafluoride _____________
34. SF6 ______________________________
10. chlorine tetraoxide __________________
35. SCl2 _____________________________
11. nitrogen monoxide __________________
36. N2P3 _____________________________
12. methane __________________________
37. C2Br6 ____________________________
13. disulphur decafluoride _______________
38. NH3 _____________________________
14. diphosphorous pentaselenide __________
39. NO ______________________________
15. iodine dioxide______________________
40. S4N2 _____________________________
16. ammonia __________________________
41. IF7 ______________________________
17. carbon tetrachloride _________________
42. ClF _____________________________
18. tetraphosphorous heptasulphide ________
43. SF4 ______________________________
19. sulphur tetrafluoride _________________
44. P4O10 ____________________________
20. tetrasulphur tetranitride ______________
45. PCl5 _____________________________
21. dinitrogen trioxide __________________
46. CO2 _____________________________
22. selenium tetrabromide _______________
47. ClO2 ____________________________
23. iodine dioxide______________________
48. CS2 _____________________________
24. dinitrogen monoxide ________________
49. CH4 _____________________________
25. sulphur monoxide________________________________
50. CCl4 _____________________________
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Sc09 Chemistry Worksheets Printed September 2009