Download Scope and Sequence 2016-2017

PUHSD ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1H – 2H SCOPE AND SEQUENCE
Quarter 1
Concepts
1 – Intro to Anatomy
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Scientific inquiry skills
Identify and discuss medical
prefixes, roots, and suffixes.
Identify the terms referring
to location, direction,
planes, and sections of the
body.
Identify the body cavities
and the organs they
contain.
2 – Homeostasis, Cells and
Tissues
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Homeostasis is the body’s
way of regulating its
internal environment
Chemical reactions are
constantly occurring in the
body to maintain
metabolism
The body has a variety of
cells
Tissues are classified into
four main categories:
epithelial, connective,
muscle, and nerve
3 – Integumentary System
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Skin is composed of three
main layers: epidermis,
dermis, and
hypodermis/subcutaneous
Skin structures inside hair,
nails, sweat glands, and oil
glands
Quarter 2
Concepts
4 – Skeletal System
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The skeletal system
provides support and
structure to the body
Classification of bones
include: long, short, flat,
irregular
Tendons and ligaments
connect the skeletal and
muscular systems to form
joints
There are many different
bones of the body that
make up the skeletal
system
There are many different
disorders of the skeletal
system
5 – Muscular System
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There are three main types
of muscle tissue: skeletal,
cardiac, and smooth
There are many different
muscles
The functions of muscles
are movement, posture,
and heat generation
Tendons and ligaments
connect the skeletal and
muscular systems to allow
movement
There many different
disorders of the muscular
system
Quarter 3
Concepts
7 – Endocrine System
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The endocrine system helps
to maintain homeostasis in
the body
The endocrine system
consists of many glands that
must work together in
order to function properly
Hormones released from
the endocrine glands
coordinate and integrate
body functions
There many different
disorders of the endocrine
system
Quarter 4
Concepts
11 – Digestive System
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12 – Urinary System
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8 – Cardiovascular System
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The atriums are receiving
chambers
The ventricles pump blood
to organs
The sequence of blood flow
through the heart is from
the upper chambers
through the lower
chambers resulting in a
variation of the pulmonary
and systemic circuits
The electrical sequence is a
specific sequence that
maintains heart rhythm
The three types of blood
vessels in the body are
arteries, veins, and
capillaries
The digestive system is
made of structural
components that allow for
the proper mechanics of
absorption of nutrients and
removal of waste
A balanced diet is necessary
for proper body function
There many different
disorders of the digestive
system
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The urinary system
regulates the water balance
of the body
The urinary system is
composed of two kidneys,
two ureters, the bladder,
and urethra
Nephrons are the basic
structure and functional
units of the kidney
The three processes of
urine formation are
filtration, reabsorption, and
secretion
Kidney failure is diminished
or absence of urine
formation
There many different
disorders of the urinary
system
PUHSD ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1H – 2H SCOPE AND SEQUENCE
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The functions of skin
include protection,
temperature regulation,
and sensory
Homeostatic imbalances of
skin include burns, wounds,
and cancer
6 – Nervous System
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The nervous system is
composed of two major
divisions: central (brain and
spinal cord) and peripheral
(cranial and spinal nerves)
The three main parts of a
neuron are the cell body,
dendrites, and axon
A synapse is where
communication occurs
between neurons
The brain consists of three
main parts: cerebrum,
cerebellum and brain stem
The meninges cover and
protect the brain and spinal
nerve are composed of
three layers: dura mater,
arachnoid, and pia matter
The brain interprets
sensations such as visual
and auditory stimuli
There many different
disorders of the nervous
system
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Blood pressure is measured
by the force exerted against
the artery walls
Myocardial infarction
causes damage to the heart
due to lack of oxygenated
blood supply (heart attack)
There many different
disorders of the
cardiovascular system
13 – Reproductive System
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9 – Lymphatic System
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The lymphatic system is a
system of vessels that assist
in circulating body fluids
The functions of the
lymphatic system are
defense and transportation
There are several types of
cells and glands that make
up the lymphatic system
Disorders of the lymphatic
system can cause
homeostatic imbalances in
other body systems
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14 – Genetics
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10 – Respiratory System
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The respiratory system is
made of structural
components that allow for
the proper mechanics of
breathing
The diaphragm plays an
important role in the
mechanics of breathing
The respiratory and
cardiovascular systems
work in tandem by
The key differences in male
and female reproductive
organs
Manufacturing of hormones
is necessary for the proper
reproductive functions and
secondary sex
characteristics
Fertilization occurs when
the sperm nucleus
combines with the egg
nucleus to form a zygote
There many different
disorders of the
reproductive system
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Explain how genes can have
many alleles (variants), but
a person can have only two
alleles of a particular gene
Distinguish among the
models of inheritance
Explain how gene
expression varies among
individuals
Describe how genes and the
environment interact to
produce complex traits
Describe how traits are
transmitted on the sex
chromosomes and how
gender affects gene
expression
Explain how deviations in
chromosomes number or
PUHSD ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1H – 2H SCOPE AND SEQUENCE
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exchanging gases between
the alveoli and the
capillaries
There many different
disorders of the respiratory
system
arrangement can harm
health and how these
abnormalities are detected