Download Chapter 6 Short Study Guide Vocabulary 1. Judiciary Act of 1789 2

Chapter 6 Short Study Guide
Vocabulary
1. Judiciary Act of 1789
2. Alexander Hamilton
3. sectionalism
4. Alien and Sedition Acts
5. Nullification
6. Lewis and Clark Expedition
7. Judiciary Act of 1801
8. Midnight judges
9. Marbury v. Madison
10. Louisiana Purchase
11. Sacajawea
12. Impressment
13. Embargo
14. Andrew Jackson
15. War hawks
16. Treaty of Ghent
6.1 Washington Heads the New Government
1. What did the Judiciary Act of 1789 establish?
2. What does section 25 of the Judiciary Act allow the federal courts to do?
3. What is “the Supreme Law of the Land”?
4. Hamilton’s political views
Who should lead the nation?
His vision of America-
5. Jefferson’s political views
Who should lead the nation?
His vision of America-
6. Why did Hamilton suggest moving the nation’s capital from New York to the District of Columbia?
7. Who were the leaders of the first two political parties?
Federalist PartyDemocratic-Republicans8. What was the excise tax supposed to do for the government?
9. Why did the excise tax anger frontier farmers?
10. Why was the Whisky Rebellion a success for the federal government?
6.2 Foreign Affairs Trouble the Nation
1. What was the United States’ stance on being allies of France or England in the war between the two countries?
2. Why was there trouble between the British and Americans in the Northwest Territory?
3. Why was there trouble between the Native Americans and Americans in the Northwest Territory?
4. What battle brought an end to the fighting between Native Americans and Americans in the Northwest Territory?
5. What caused the United States and France to have an undeclared naval war?
AB6. Most foreigners that came to the United States joined the Democratic-Republican Party. What did the Federalists do
to stop the Democratic-Republican Party from growing stronger?
7. What happened to a number of Democratic-Republican editors, publishers, and politicians as a result of the Alien
and Sedition Acts?
6.3 Jefferson Alters the Nation’s Course
1. When Jefferson became president, what did he do to the power of the federal government?
2. Why did Adams try to put in as many Federalist judges as he could?
3. What was the significance of the court case of Marbury v. Madison?
4. Why did Napoleon sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States?
5. What did the Louisiana Purchase do to the size of the United States?
6. What was the purpose of the Lewis and Clark Expedition?
6.4 The War of 1812
1. What were Britain and France doing to American ships at sea?
2. What was Jefferson’s reasoning behind the Embargo Act of 1807?
3. What effect did the Embargo Act of 1807 have on the United States?
4. What were the two main reasons “war hawks” wanted to go to war with Britain?
AB5. Why was Jackson’s victory at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend so important for the United States?
6. Who won the War of 1812?
7. What was symbolic about the War of 1812 for the United States?
6.1 Washington Heads the New Government
1. What did the Judiciary Act of 1789 establish?
provided for a Supreme Court consisting of a chief justice and five associate justices.
It also set up 3 federal circuit courts and 13 federal district courts throughout the country.
2. What does section 25 of the Judiciary Act allow the federal courts to do?
allowed state court decisions to be appealed to a federal court when constitutional issues were raised.
3. What is “the Supreme Law of the Land”?
Section 25 of the Judiciary Act guaranteed that federal laws remained
“the supreme Law of the Land,”
4. Hamilton’s political views
Who should lead the nation?
Hamilton believed in a strong central government led by a prosperous, educated elite of upper-class
citizens. Hamilton believed that commerce and industry were the keys to a strong nation.
His vision of AmericaHamilton’s vision of America was that of a country much like Great Britain, with a strong central
government, commerce, and industry.
Loose interpretation of the constitution.
5. Jefferson’s political views
Who should lead the nation?
Jefferson distrusted a strong central government and the rich. He favored strong state and local
governments rooted in popular participation. Jefferson favored a society of farmer-citizens.
His vision of AmericaStrong state government and an economy based on farming.
Strict interpretation of the constitution
6. Why did Hamilton suggest moving the nation’s capital from New York to the District of Columbia?
To win support for his debt plan for a National Bank from Southern states
7. Who were the leaders of the first two political parties?
Federalist Party- Hamilton
Democratic-Republicans- Jefferson
8. What was the excise tax supposed to do for the government?
Bring in more revenue for the federal government
9. Why did the excise tax anger frontier farmers?
Most whiskey producers were small frontier farmers. Their major crop was corn. The farmers
distilled the corn into whiskey. Whiskey was the main source of cash for these frontier farmers.
10. Why was the Whisky Rebellion a success for the federal government?
opportunity for the federal government to show that it could enforce the law
6.2 Foreign Affairs Trouble the Nation
1. What was the United States’ stance on being allies of France or England in the war between the two countries?
Wanted to remain neutral.
2. Why was there trouble between the British and Americans in the Northwest Territory?
the British still maintained forts in the Northwest Territory
3. Why was there trouble between the Native Americans and Americans in the Northwest Territory?
Having been excluded from the negotiations that led to the Treaty of Paris, Native Americans
in the Northwest Territory never accepted the provisions. They continued to claim their tribal lands
4. What battle brought an end to the fighting between Native Americans and Americans in the Northwest Territory?
Battle of Fallen Timbers
5. What caused the United States and France to have an undeclared naval war?
A- X,Y,Z Affair
B- French navy seizing American merchant ships.
6. Most foreigners that came to the United States joined the Democratic-Republican Party. What did the Federalists do
to stop the Democratic-Republican Party from growing stronger?
Alien and Sedition Acts
7. What happened to a number of Democratic-Republican editors, publishers, and politicians as a result of the Alien
and Sedition Acts?
Thrown in jail
***. How did Virginia and Kentucky challenge the authority of the Federal government?
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions. (nullification of federal laws)
6.3 Jefferson Alters the Nation’s Course
1. When Jefferson became president, what did he do to the power of the federal government?
decentralized power
2. Why did Adams try to put in as many Federalist judges as he could?
an attempt to control future federal judicial decisions
3. What was the significance of the court case of Marbury v. Madison?
Judicial Review. Supreme Court’s power to declare a law of congress, unconstitutional.
4. Why did Napoleon sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States?
Napoleon had abandoned his hopes for an American empire. He had failed to reconquer
France’s most important island colony, Saint Domingue (now known as Haiti).
5. What did the Louisiana Purchase do to the size of the United States?
Doubled it.
6. What was the purpose of the Lewis and Clark Expedition?
to collect scientific information about unknown plants and animals en route to the Pacific
and to learn as much as possible about the Native American tribes encountered along the way.
6.4 The War of 1812
1. What were Britain and France doing to American ships at sea?
Seized American merchant ships.
2. What was Jefferson’s reasoning behind the Embargo Act of 1807?
He believed that the Embargo Act of 1807 would hurt Britain and the other European
powers and force them to honor American neutrality.
3. What effect did the Embargo Act of 1807 have on the United States?
The embargo hurt America more than Britain, and in 1809 Congress lifted the ban on
foreign trade except with France and Britain.
4. What were the two main reasons “war hawks” wanted to go to war with Britain?
A- impressment
B- giving Native Americans weapons to fight against the U.S.
5. Why was Jackson’s victory at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend so important for the United States?
Jackson’s victory at Horseshoe Bend destroyed the military power of Native Americans in the south.
***. What was so impressive about Jackson’s victory over the British in New Orleans?
Jackson’s troops defeated a superior British force at the Battle of New Orleans. Hundreds of
British troops died, while just a handful of Americans lost their lives.
6. Who won the War of 1812?
It was a draw.
7. What was symbolic about the War of 1812 for the United States?
It solidified American independence and brought national pride.