Download Comparison of Serum Amyloid A in Horses With Infectious and Non

INTERNAL MEDICINE
Comparison of Serum Amyloid A in Horses With
Infectious and Non-Infectious Respiratory
Diseases
Molly Viner, BS†; Melissa Mazan, DVM, DACVIM (LA);
Daniela Bedenice, DVM, DACVIM (LA), DACVECC (Equine);
Samantha Mapes, MS; and Nicola Pusterla, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (LA)*
Serum amyloid A (SAA) will be more reliably elevated with infections of the upper respiratory
tract rather than noninfectious upper airway conditions. This can facilitate early detection of
respiratory disease, help track disease progression, and aid practitioners in making recommendations about proper biosecurity and isolation of potentially contagious horses. Authors’ addresses: Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of
California–Davis, Davis, CA 95616 (Viner, Mapes, Pusterla); Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536 (Mazan, Bedenice); e-mail: [email protected]. *Corresponding author; †presenting author. © 2016 AAEP.
1.
Introduction
The acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) has
been shown to be a useful inflammatory parameter
in the horse, given that it maintains low levels in
health and increases as much as 1000-fold in response to inflammation. The goal of this study was
to evaluate SAA responses in horses with infectious
and noninfectious respiratory diseases as well as
healthy, control horses.
2.
Materials and Methods
Two hundred and seven horses were grouped into the
following categories: equine influenza virus, equine
herpesvirus-4, Streptococcus equi subspecies equi
(S. equi ss equi), inflammatory airway disease (IAD),
and healthy controls. SAA concentrations were determined for all horses on serum using a stall-side
lateral flow immunoassay platform (StableLab).
3.
Results
SAA levels were found to be significantly higher for
infectious respiratory diseases (equine influenza virus, equine herpesvirus-4, S. equi ss equi) and
horses with IAD when compared with control
horses. There was a significant difference between
viral and bacterial infections and IAD. Using a
receiver operating characteristic curve, SAA values ⬎ 52.5 ␮g/mL showed 91% sensitivity and 95%
specificity for an infectious etiology.
Research Abstract쎭for more information, contact the corresponding author
NOTES
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INTERNAL MEDICINE
4.
Discussion
Equine practitioners can use the stall-side SAA lateral flow immunoassay to distinguish between infectious and noninfectious respiratory diseases when
clinical signs are equivocal early in disease. This
can facilitate making recommendations about isolation of potentially contagious horses.
Acknowledgments
Declaration of Ethics
The Authors have adhered to the Principles of the Veterinary Medical Ethics of the AVMA.
Conflict of Interest
The Authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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