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Passive Transport Passive Transport ● Movement of molecules across a membrane ● Uses no energy ● Moves down the concentration gradient (high to low concentration) High Low Equilibrium Passive Transport There are 3 types of passive transport ● Diffusion ● Facilitated diffusion ● Osmosis Diffusion ● The movement of molecules in fluid or gas until molecules are in equilibrium (evenly spread out) ● Examples: Dye in water, smells ● In cells, small lipids, CO2, & O2 diffuse through the membrane Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion ● Diffusion across a membrane with transport proteins ● Proteins only allow a specific particle through Osmosis ● The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane ● The more particles in a solution means less water, causing a movement of water. 3 Solutions of Osmosis Isotonic ● Equal concentration of particles and water in & out of the cell ● Equal water movement in and out ● Cell stays the same size 3 Solutions of Osmosis Hypertonic ● Solution has more particles than inside the cell ● Water leaves the cell ● Cell shrinks 3 Solutions of Osmosis Hypotonic ● Solution has more water than inside the cell ● Water enters the cell ● Cell expands