Download Genetics

Name ___________________________
Period ________
Genetics
1. What we already know
a. ______________ are distinguishing features or
characteristics
b. Traits are passed from ____________________________
c. Traits are passed through _____________
d. Genes are specific _______________________________
e. Offspring get ___________ their genes from each
parent.
2. DNA is Information
a. DNA = Deoxyribonucleic Acid
b. A molecule that ________________________________
c. Contains ________________ for making proteins
d. Like a cookbook contains _________________ for
making a cake.
e. The sequence of the four bases is how the instructions
are written in code
i. A = _______________________
ii. T = _______________________
iii. C = _______________________
iv. G = _______________________
f. One strand of our DNA contains many genes
3. Watson & Crick
a. Watson & Crick _________________________________
b. DNA was discovered in the _______________ by Swiss
chemist Friedrich Miescher
c. Other scientists over the years notably, Phoebus Levene
and Erwin Chargaff--carried out a series of research
efforts that revealed additional details about the DNA
molecule.
d. ______________________realized that A = T and C = G
e. Watson and Crick made a ________________________
_________________________ for the structure of DNA.
4. How they did it
a. Watson and Crick's discovery was possible because of
advances in __________________ based upon known
molecular distances and bond angles, a technique
advanced by American biochemist Linus Pauling.
b. Watson and Crick were worried that they would be
"scooped" by Pauling, who proposed a different model
for DNA just months before they did.
c. Pauling's prediction was _____________________.
d. Using _________________________ representing the
four bases Watson and Crick shifted molecules around
on their desktops, as though putting together a puzzle.
5. Gregor Mendel
a. The _________________________________ were first
formed during _________________________________
_____________________________________________
b. Because his work laid the foundation to the study of
heredity, Mendel is referred to as __________________
________________________________
6. Mendel’ Pea Plants
a. Mendel based his laws on his studies of garden
____________________________
b. Mendel was able to observe differences in multiple traits
__________________________ because pea plants
_________________________, and have many visible
__________________________ such as: height, pod
shape, pod color, seed color, seed shape.
7. Mendel’s Experiments
a. Mendel noticed that some plants always produced
offspring that had a form of a trait exactly like the parent
plant. He called these plants ____________________
plants. For instance, ______________________ always
produced _____________________ and
_________________________ always produced
____________________________________
8. Mendel’s Experiments led him to his CONCLUSION
a. Each plant must have two sets of instructions
(__________________) for each trait
b. The two forms of a gene are called ________________.
c. Genes can be _________________ or
________________.
9. How gender is determined
a. Gender is determined by ____________________.
b. Humans have _______________ of chromosomes
c. 22 pairs are “body” chromosomes called _____________
d. 1 pair are the “sex” chromosomes – _________________
e. Females will have _________
f. Males will have _________
TERMS TO KNOW
ALLELES
HOMOZYGOUS
HETEROZYGOUS
HYBRID
DOMINANT
RECESSIVE
PHENOTYPE
GENOTYPE
RATIO
Try It
1. _____________
2. _____________
3. _____________
4. _____________
5. _____________
6. _____________
Draw a Punnett Square in the space below for #1.