Download Intro to Rocks

Science Starter
What are the two ways minerals can
crystallize and form?
Science Starter Answer
Minerals form through solutions or through
molten material
SELENITE CAVES
The Discovery of the Crystal Caves (45 mins):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4ONpnDRpbg
INTRO TO ROCKS
8th Grade Science: Ms. Dale
What Rocks Are
Rocks meet the following requirements:
They are solids
They are made of two or more minerals
They do NOT have a defined chemical composition
Some have fossils (organic matter)
They do NOT have a defined shape
Minerals vs. Rocks
Minerals:
Rocks:
Repeating crystal shape
Many different shapes
Mostly one color
Many different colors
Watch the following youtube (6 minutes):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9eiLgVVRg6U
Basalt
Rock Formation
A rock’s origin is how it was formed
Using color, texture, and mineral composition, geologists
can classify a rock according to its origin
There are three major classification groups of rocks:
•
Igneous
•
Sedimentary
•
Metamorphic
Igneous Rock
Forms when magma or lava cools or hardens.
Igneous rocks were probably some of the first rocks to
form on Earth
These types of rock get their names from the Latin word
ignis which means “fire”
Igneous Rock
Igneous Rock
Identifying igneous rocks:
Might have holes in it from where lava cooled quickly and
trapped air bubbles
Might be glassy (like obsidian)
Sedimentary Rock
Forms when pieces of rock or the remains of living things (plants
and animals) are pressed and cemented together.
Sedimentary rock forms in layers that are buried below the surface.
Identifying
Sedimentary Rock
Can be made of different rock or sand that are cemented
together
May include fossils or ripple marks from where water use to be
Can be softer and crumbly
Could have visible straight layers
Identifying
Sedimentary Rock
Metamorphic Rock
Forms from other rocks that are changed by heat, pressure, and
chemical reactions.
Most metamorphic rock forms deep underground
Comes from a combination of the Greek words meaning
“change” and “form”
Identifying
Metamorphic Rock
Identifying metamorphic rocks:
Has grains arranged in parallel layers or bands.
Metamorphic Rock
Rock Type Review
Watch This:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=pg_jKJFbA2A&spfreload=1
Rock Types
Interactive Websites
Use the computers to go to the class blog
and use the interactive websites listed
under todays date to learn more about the
three rock types;
sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous
Can You Tell the Difference
Between a Rock and Mineral?
You have two samples at each row of tables (sample A and
sample B). Decide which sample is the mineral and which is
the rock. We will then rotate around the room.