Download Log #1 (1/11): Disease and Microbiology Vocabulary

Disease and Biotechnology
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1.
algae: chlorophyll-containing eukaryotic organisms that can be
unicellular or multicellular and do not have true roots, stems,
and leaves like plants
12.
antibiotic resisitance: a form of drug resistance whereby
some sub-populations of a microorganism, usually a bacterial
species, are able to survive exposure to one or more antibiotics
2.
antibiotics: drugs that kill bacteria and cure bacterial infections
and diseases
3.
bacteria: domain of prokaryotes, some of which cause human
diseases; lack a nucleus
13.
binary fission: asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms
by division into two daughter cells
4.
disease: an abnormal functioning of the body or part of body,
sometimes caused by infections
5.
epidemic: an outbreak where there is a rapid spread or increase
in the occurrence of a disease
6.
fungi: kingdom in the domain Eukarya that includes molds,
mushrooms, and yeast
7.
host cell: cell of the species that is harmed or damaged by a
parasite
8.
microbiology: the study of microscopic organisms (microbes)
too small to see without a microscope
9.
multicellular: an organism composed of more than one cell
14.
mutation: any permanent change in a gene or chromosome of a
cell; may be beneficial, harmful, or have little effect on an
organism
16.
outbreak: when a disease occurs in greater numbers than
expected in a community or region or during a season
15.
pandemic: an outbreak that when a far higher number of
people are affected by a disease or a much largerregion is
affected. In the most extreme case, the entire global population
would be affected by the disease
17.
parasite: an organism that lives on or in an organism of
another species, known as the host, receives its nutrients from
that host and provides no benefit back to the host.
18.
pathogens: disease causing organism
19.
prevention: methods of reducing the likelihood of contracting a
disease; methods of prevention depend on theorganism that
causes the disease
10.
protozoa: a diverse group of unicellular eukaryotic organisms
that are classified by how they move such as by pseudopods,
flagella, or cilia
20.
unicellular: an organism composed of one cell only
11.
vaccine: preparation made from killed bacteria or damaged
particles from bacterial cell walls or viruses that can prevent
some bacterial and viral diseases
21.
vector: mechanisms or organisms (excluding humans) that
spread diseases without showing symptoms of having the
disease
22.
virus: a nonliving particle that invades and reproduces itself in a
living cell; Viruses may cause disease in the host cell/organism