Download CatEvents Scavenger Hunt

CatEvents Scavenger Hunt
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Use the Catastrophic Events text and the Internet to explore the topics in the upcoming units.
1. Identify the scales used to measure catastrophic events.
Event
Magnitude / Intensity Scale
Fujita Scale of Tornadoes
Tornado
Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale
Hurricane
Richter Magnitude
8+ Great
7-7.9 Major
6-6.9 Strong
5-5.9 Moderate
4-4.9 Light
3-3.9 Minor
Less than 3 Very Minor
Earthquake
Volcano Explosivity Index (VEI)
Volcano
Numerical Range
F0 = 40-72mph, 65-116kph
F1 = 73-112mph, 117-181kph
F2 = 113-157mph, 182-253kph
F3 = 158-206mph, 254-332kph
F4 = 207-260mph, 333-419kph
F5 = 261-318mph, 420-513kph
Category 1-5
1 = 74-95mph, 119-153kph
2 = 96-110mph, 154-178kph
3 = 111-130mph, 179-210kph
4 = 131-155mph, 211-250kph
5 = 155+mph, 250+kph
Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale
I – Not felt
II – Felt by few
III – Felt indoors
IV – Felt indoors by many, outdoors by few
V – Felt by nearly everyone
VI – Felt by all
VII – Slight to moderate damage to well built
structures. Considerable damage to poorly
built.
VIII – Great damage to poorly built
structures. Fallen chimneys, monuments.
Sand and mud ejected.
IX – Damage considerable to well built
structures. Buildings shifted off foundations.
Ground cracked.
X – Well built wooden structures destroyed.
Railroad tracks bent. Landslides.
XI – Few, if any, masonry structures
standing. Bridges destroyed.
XII – Total damage. Waves seen on ground
surfaces. Objects thrown upward in air.
Volume of erupted tephra (ash)
0 – Non Explosive
1 – 0.00001km3 Small
2 – 0.001km3 Small/Moderate
3 – 0.01km3 Moderate
4 – 0.1km3 Large
5 – 1km3 Large/Very Large
6 – 10km3 Very Large
7 – 100km3 Very Large
8 – 1,000km3 Very Large
CatEvents Scavenger Hunt
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2. What is similar and different between all the scales?
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Similar: they all have a range that shows how big the event is. Storms tell mph of winds. Qualitative
and quantitative data.

Different: different sets of data points.
3. What makes an event ‘catastrophic’? Natural disaster that has a significant impact on human life.
STORMS
4. What is a vortex? The movement of liquids or gases in a spiral around a central axis.
5. What 2 storm types occur in the form of a vortex? Hurricane & Tornado
6. What is the main source of energy for the Earth? The Sun
7. What are the 3 methods of heat transfer?
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Convection
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Radiation
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Conduction
8. Heat flows from Hot matter to Cold matter.
9. The type of heat transfer observed in ocean/wind currents is Convection.
EARTHQUAKES
10. What is an earthquake? Vibrations in the earth caused by the sudden release of energy, usually, as a result
of the movement of rocks along a fault.
11. Energy released in an earthquake travels away from the focus in a seismic wave.
12. Does there seem to be a global pattern of earthquake location? Explain YES. Most earthquakes occur along
plate boundaries.
13. Earthquakes can be measured and plotted using an instrument called a seismogram.
14. The interior of the earth is uniform. TRUE / FALSE
VOLCANOES
CatEvents Scavenger Hunt
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15. What is a volcano? A landform, usually cone shaped, produced by a collection of erupted material around a
vent, or opening, in the surface of the earth and through which gas and erupted material pass.
16. What main rock type is formed after volcanic magma/lava cools? Igneous
17. Volcanoes change the landscape by Fracturing earth’s crust and changing the landscape through new rock.
18. Does there seem to be a global pattern of volcano location? YES. Most volcanoes occur near plate
boundaries.
19. Volcanic activity can be monitored by gathering what kind of data?
Seismic Data: earthquakes occur under a volcano when magma is moving.
Measure changes in the slope of the crater floor – tiltmeter.
Measure Sulfur Dioxide levels.
WASHINGTON
20. What kind of catastrophic storm is our state subject to? Tornado
21. Identify the geographic pattern of the volcanoes in Washington. North to Sound through the Cascade
Mountain.
22. Identify the geographic pattern of the ‘fault zones’ in Washington. Most run East to West or horizontally.
23. What should Washingtonians do to prepare for potential a catastrophic event?
Build a basement.
Build structures on bedrock.
Don’t live on cliffs.
Emergency Kits, extra supplies, have a plan.
Make your structure flexible: Wood, Steel
Easy access to high ground.
Earth house protection from tornadoes.
Practice your plan – DRILL IT!