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US History & Government
Review Sheet – Test #6
Civil War
1. What was Lincoln’s original goal at the start of the Civil War?
2. How were the ‘Border States’ different from the rest of the Union?
3. Why did Lincoln suspend habeas corpus during the Civil War in the Border States?
4. What advantages and disadvantages did the North have in the Civil War?
5. What advantages and disadvantages did the South have in the Civil War?
6. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? Why did Lincoln issue it in the middle of the Civil War?
7. What killed most soldiers during the Civil War?
8. What was the turning point in the Civil War?
9. What military tactic did William Tecumseh Sherman use? Why did he do this?
10. How did the Civil War affect the power of the federal government and state governments?
11. What were the economic effects of the Civil War on the South and the North?
Reconstruction
12. What did Lincoln state in his Second Inaugural Address in 1865?
13. What was Andrew Johnson planning to do regarding Reconstruction? How did Radical Republicans react to
Johnson’s reconstruction plan? Why did they react this way?
14. What was the purpose of the Black Codes?
15. How did Radical Republicans view the former confederates in the South?
16. What was the purpose of the Freedman’s Bureau?
17. What action did Johnson take regarding the Freedman’s Bureau?
18. Why was Johnson impeached? What happened to him after impeachment?
19. How did the Radical Republicans change Reconstruction?
20. Who were the three groups who maintained Reconstruction in the South?
21. What was the purpose of the Ku Klux Klan?
22. What did the 13th Amendment do?
23. What did the 14th Amendment do?
24. What did the 15th Amendment do?
25. Who became President after Andrew Johnson? What party did he belong to?
26. What was the Compromise of 1877? Why was it necessary?
27. Who were the Redeemers?
28. What is meant by the term ‘New South’?
29. What was Jim Crow? Why should it have been unconstitutional?
30. What was the ‘Solid South’? Why did the Solid South continue to exist until the 1960s?
31. What was the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson? How did the Supreme Court justify this decision?
32. What three tactics were used by southern state governments to prevent African-Americans from voting?
33. How did the sharecropping system work?
34. Who were W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington? How did they differ?
The West
35. Why was the transcontinental railroad constructed?
36. What did the Homestead Act do?
37. For what reasons did Americans move out West in the late 19th Century?
38. How did the Pacific Railway Act promote development of the West?
39. Why did the federal government supported the destruction of the buffalo?
40. What did the Dawes Act do?
41. What happened at the Battle of Little Big Horn?
42. What happened at Wounded Knee, South Dakota in 1890?
43. What did Helen Hunt Jackson state in her book titled A Century of Dishonor?
Review Questions
“Congress Passes Alien and Sedition Acts’’
“Lincoln Suspends Habeas Corpus’’
1. These headlines show that the federal government
can
(1) restrict citizens’ rights in times of crisis
(2) raise armies without informing the public
(3) station troops in a person’s home at any time
(4) require citizens to be witnesses against themselves
2. In his first inaugural address, President Abraham
Lincoln stated his main goal for the nation was to
(1) use the vote to resolve the conflict over slavery
(2) free all slaves in the United States
(3) uphold the Dred Scott decision
(4) preserve the Union
3. One way in which Andrew Jackson and Abraham
Lincoln are similar is that each
(1) expanded presidential powers
(2) reduced the size of the federal bureaucracy
(3) faced congressional investigations over the handling
of the military
(4) used his power as commander in chief to send troops
overseas to fight a war
4. The Civil War affected the northern economy by
(1) causing a severe depression
(2) increasing unemployment rates
(3) decreasing demand for agricultural products
(4) stimulating industrialization
5. Which statement most accurately describes President
Abraham Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction after the
Civil War?
(1) Southerners should be made to pay for their
rebellion.
(2) The Union should be restored as quickly as possible.
(3) African Americans should be given free land.
(4) War damages should be collected through military
occupation.
6. Literacy tests and grandfather clauses were enacted
in the South after the Reconstruction Era primarily
to
(1) increase the number of women voters
(2) limit the number of African American voters
(3) guarantee that voters could read and write
(4) ensure that formerly enslaved persons met property
requirements
7. What was a result of the disputed presidential
election of 1876?
(1) Reconstruction ended as federal troops were removed
from the South.
(2) Slavery was reestablished in the South by state
legislatures.
(3) New state laws were passed in the South to guarantee
equal rights for African Americans.
(4) A constitutional amendment was adopted to correct
problems with the electoral college system.
8. The Supreme Court decision in the case of Plessy v.
Ferguson (1896) affected civil rights in the United
States by
(1) ruling that segregated public schools were
unconstitutional
(2) rejecting the legal basis of Jim Crow laws
(3) approving racial segregation in public facilities
(4) strengthening the protections of the 14th amendment
9. Following the Civil War, fewer immigrants settled
in the South because
(1) most of the new arrivals chose to settle on the Great
Plains
(2) freedmen had been given most of the available
farmland in the South
(3) jobs were more plentiful for immigrants on the West
Coast
(4) more factories that employed unskilled laborers were
located in the North
10. The most direct effect of poll taxes and literacy tests
on African Americans was to
(1) prevent them from voting
(2) limit their access to public facilities
(3) block their educational opportunities
(4) deny them economic advancements
11. Following Reconstruction, the passage of Jim Crow
laws in the South limited the effectiveness of
(1) the 14th and 15th amendments
(2) the Freedmen’s Bureau
(3) Black Codes
(4) tenant farming and sharecropping
12. Which action marked the end of Reconstruction in
the United States?
(1) ratification of the 14th amendment
(2) withdrawal of federal troops from the South
(3) creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau
(4) impeachment of President Andrew Johnson
13. Following the Civil War, many Southern states
enacted Black Codes to
(1) provide free farmland for African Americans
(2) guarantee equal civil rights for African Americans
(3) restrict the rights of formerly enslaved persons
(4) support the creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau
14. Booker T. Washington stated that the best way for
formerly enslaved persons to advance themselves in
American society was to
(1) leave their farms in the South and move to the North
(2) run for political office
(3) pursue economic gains through vocational training
(4) form a separate political party
15. What was a major goal of the Dawes Act (1887)?
(1) to provide a tribal legislature to govern all
reservations
(2) to remove the Cherokees from the southeastern
United States
(3) to strengthen Native American Indian tribal unity
(4) to encourage assimilation of Native American
Indians
16. The Homestead Act was important in the growth of
the West because it
(1) set aside reservations for Native American Indians
(2) created the Department of Agriculture to aid farmers
(3) encouraged settlement of the Great Plains
(4) provided land to build a canal system
17. During the late 1800s, major improvements to a
nationwide system of trade were made with the
(1) construction of a network of canals
(2) use of steamboats on rivers
(3) completion of transcontinental railroads
(4) construction of toll roads
18. During the late 1800s, many North American Indian
tribes were sent to reservations that were located
(1) along the major rivers and lakes of the Midwest
(2) near large cities in the Northwest
(3) in sparsely populated regions of the West
(4) east of the Mississippi River
19. Which statement about the development of the Great
Plains in the late 1800s is most accurate?
(1) Great profits could be earned in the steel industry.
(2) Railroads decreased in importance throughout the
region.
(3) Immigrants could no longer afford to become
farmers.
(4) Mechanized farming became dominant in the region.
20. Passage of the Homestead Act and of legislation
supporting the construction of transcontinental
railroads demonstrated the federal government’s
commitment to
(1) limits on big business
(2) settlement of western territories
(3) conservation of natural resources
(4) equality for all immigrants
21. In the second half of the 1800s, the federal
government encouraged the building of
transcontinental railroads by
(1) giving land to the railroad companies
(2) purchasing large amounts of railroad stock
(3) forcing convicts to work as laborers
(4) taking control of the railroad trust
22. The Homestead Act of 1862 helped the development
of the West by
(1) providing free land to settlers
(2) granting land for construction of transcontinental
railroads
(3) allowing slavery to spread to the territories
(4) placing Native American Indians on reservations