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Yr 5-6 excursion activity pack Year 5 to Year 6 1 great southern coast leafy seadragons pineapplefish old wives shark egg, jaws, teeth & models Region quiz: read these questions before you enter the region and keep them in mind. As you explore, you’ll find the answers on our signs and displays. 1. Cartilage and a large oily _________________ help a shark to float. 2. What is the role of a shark’s dorsal fin? 3. What are dermal denticles? 4. How many teeth can a shark lose in its lifetime? 5. What helps pineapplefish catch their food? 6. Where in the world can leafy seadragons be found? 7. What is a seadragons camouflage? 8. How is seaweed such as kelp different to other plants? 9. What did Albany’s local Aboriginal people use to catch fish instead of hooks? Ocean eggs: many sea creatures have eggs that they lay or carry until hatching. Find the Port Jackson shark egg and then the leafy seadragon sign that shows its eggs: 10.Describe how the eggs are cared for differently: Port Jackson egg: ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Seadragon eggs: ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 1 great southern coast leafy seadragons pineapplefish old wives shark egg, jaws, teeth & models Draw the teeth of the grey nurse shark and the tiger shark: Grey nurse shark Tiger shark 11. What are the main differences? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 12. How do these differences relate to how and what they can eat? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Observe the leafy seadragons. 13. How do they move? Is it the same as most fish? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 14. What is the benefit of moving in this way? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 2 shipwreck coast open-ocean fish stingrays turtle sharks Region quiz: read these questions before you enter the region and keep them in mind. As you explore, you’ll find the answers on our signs and displays. 1. How many litres of water are in the Shipwreck Coast exhibit? 2. How much smaller does the curve of the glass make everything look? 3. How many nostrils do fish have? 4. Can sharks breathe through their nose? 5. How do sharks feel movement in the water? Shark designer: there are hundreds of different species of sharks and they live in different areas of the ocean. Their bodies are designed to help them hide and catch the food available in their environment. Read the descriptions below and choose the features that would make YOUR ultimate shark: body teeth Jagged triangular teeth for ripping and tearing. tail Flat body to rest and hide on the bottom Rounded body to float easily and hover motionless, using less energy. Thin pointy teeth for grabbing slippery food and swallowing it whole. Jagged curved teeth for piercing then tearing. Torpedo shaped body to glide quickly through the water. Powerful tail to swim fast and far. Long curved tail to strike and stun your prey. Flattened tail to hide easily in the sand 6. Based on what you chose, where would your shark live and what would it eat? ______________________________________________________________________ 2 shipwreck coast open-ocean fish stingrays turtle sharks In our Shipwreck Coast, we have 6 different kinds of sharks: Grey Nurse, Sandbar Whaler, Nervous Whaler, Port Jackson, Bamboo and Wobbegong. Data collection: on your underwater journey through the Shipwreck Coast look around you for sharks. Every time you see a shark, keep a tally of what it is doing in the chart: Behaviour: Number of times observed: Swimming near surface Swimming in the middle Hovering in one place Gulping air at the surface Eating fish Sitting on the bottom Hiding in a cave Getting cleaned by a fish Other: Example: Swimming near surface IIII IIII 7. What was the most common behaviour you observed? _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. What did you think the most common behaviour would have been? _______________________________________________________________________________ 9. For shark species that swim near the top or in the middle, name something they have in common: _______________________________________________________________________________ 10. For shark species that sit on the bottom or hide in caves, name something they have in common: _______________________________________________________________________________ 3 Perth coast octopus lobsters jellyfish seahorses stripeys footballer sweeps Region quiz: read these questions before you enter the region and keep them in mind. As you explore, you’ll find the answers on our signs and displays. 1. What does a tube anemone use to make its hiding tube? 2. How many hearts does an octopus have? 3. Do jellyfish have brains? 4. How do jellyfish catch their food? 5. What is an indigenous word for dolphin? 6. What is a baby fish called?________________________________________________ Circle of sealife: sea creatures have young in many different ways and their young can grow in many different phases. The way an animal is born and grows is called its “life cycle”. When you think about a sea creatures life cycle, these 3 things are important: • Some sea creatures protect their eggs until they hatch or are born, others simply release their eggs into the water and hope for the best! • Some young hatch or are born and look like tiny versions of their parents and simply grow bigger. Others can go through one or many transformations! At first, they might be something called a larva, polyp and look totally different to their parents, then slowly they change into adults. • Once the young arrive, there’s a decision to be made: do they travel, or stay put? 7. What is it called when an animal travels based on the season? M___________________ 8. Complete the table opposite by filling in the blanks. For each animal decide: - Are the eggs protected by a parent? - Are the young exactly like their parents, or do they transform? - Do they stay where they are born, or travel somewhere else? 3 Perth coast octopus lobsters jellyfish seahorses stripeys footballer sweeps Some boxes we have filled in for you. You will have to find the remaining answers on our signs or by observing the animals. The first column tells you the animal and where to find it: Young vs. Adult Are the eggs protected by a parent? Yes or No Sea Squirt - Swan River Young looks like: NO Compare the picture to Do they travel after the animal in our exhibit. being born? Do the young transform? Yes or No Yes or No YES (they swim for a few days to find the perfect spot, then settle into the sand to grow up) NO Gobbleguts - Scarborough Young looks like: (these fish are born in coastal reefs and sandy flats which remains as their habitat) Lobster - Alkimos Young looks like: yes (the mum holds her eggs under her tail! If you’re visiting in summer, see if our females have any eggs!) Mullet - Cockburn Sound Adult looks like: NO (but they are protected by the shallow water and their school!) 4 far north coast baby crocodiles tropical fish & corals clownfish (Nemo) blue tang (Dory) Creatures Up Close exhibit Region Quiz: read these questions before you enter the region and keep them in mind. As you explore, you’ll find the answers on our signs and displays. 1. How long can a crocodile hold it’s breath for? 2. Do crocodiles need to eat often? 3. Name an “apartment shape” that corals can grow: 4. Why don’t anemonefish get stung by their anemone? 5. Who has the babies - male or female seahorses? 6. How many species of coral are found in the Rowley Shoals? Hot in here: The water in the far north region is much warmer than the previous areas you have explored. Lets look at how temperature affects the kinds of animals living here: Fish and reptiles (like crocodiles) are cold blooded. That means they can’t keep their bodies warm like we do. Instead, their body temperature matches their environment. 7. Where in WA are crocodiles found? __________________________________________ 8. How do crocodiles get warm?______________________________________________ 9. Why would crocodiles want to get warm?______________________________________ 10. How does temperature affect baby crocodiles?_________________________________ 11. What is one way a fish could get warmer if it needed to?_________________________ Warm water helps more corals to grow and reefs to form. 12. Describe the kinds of fish that live in these coral reefs: _____________________________________________________________________ 13. Why are they different from other fish you have seen today? _____________________________________________________________________ 4 far north coast baby crocodiles tropical fish & corals clownfish (Nemo) blue tang (Dory) Creatures Up Close exhibit Adaptations are features or behaviours that help an animal to survive in their environment. Identify which adaptations (features and behaviours) these sea creatures have developed: Body: -Flat -Boxy or Round -Long and thin Mouth: -Front of face -Under body -Like a straw Colour/Pattern: -Stripes or spots -Bright colours -No colour Behaviour: -Hides or buries -Swims quickly -Floats or drifts Special Defence: -Spines or barbs -Poison -Protected by other animals -Bright blue as a warning sign Blue Spotted Lagoon Stingray Rowley Shoals Clownfish Creatures Up Close exhibit Moray Eel Creatures Up Close exhibit Longhorned Cowfish Rowley Shoals Blue Tang Surgeonfish Coral Lagoon 14. Of these animals, pick your favourite to do a profile on:________________________ Based on the data you collected about your animal’s adaptations, answer the following: 15. Where does your creature live (coral reef, sea floor, deep sea, open ocean or shoreline)? _____________________________________________________________________ 16. How does its body and its colours/patterns help it survive here? _____________________________________________________________________ 17. How does it defend itself? _____________________________________________________________________ 18. How does its mouth help it to find/catch food? _____________________________________________________________________ 5 DANGERzone sea snake stonefish Theatrette lionfish blue ringed octopus (seasonal) All animals have certain features which help them to survive in their environment. Investigate the sea snake in AQWA’s DANGERzone. 1. What shape is the end of its tail? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. How could this help a sea snake to swim? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. How would you describe the overall shape of a sea snake’s body? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. How could this shape help a sea snake to hide? ____________________________________________________________________ Animals can be grouped based on their common features and separated based on their differences. Lets practice grouping by thinking about the sea snake: 5. Name one difference and one similarity between a land snake and a sea snake: They have different:___________________________________________________ They have similar:____________________________________________________ 6. Name one difference and one similarity between a sea snake and an eel (you can see an eel in our Creatures Up Close exhibit in the Far North). They have different:__________________________________________________ They have similar:____________________________________________________ 7. Do you think that a sea snake is related to a land snake or an eel? Circle your guess: land snake / eel 5 Theatrette DANGERzone sea snake stonefish lionfish blue ringed octopus (seasonal) Investigate each animal in the DANGERzone by observing and reading the information. 8. Tick the group the animal belongs to and write what part of its body is dangerous: Group: Fish: has gills to breathe in water, has fins Reptile: has lungs to breathe air, can hold breath in water Mollusc: has a soft, fleshy body, sometimes has a shell Cnidarian: has stinging tentacles and a jelly-like body What is dangerous? Its bite/teeth, spines, flesh or tentacles? 6 Marmion Marine Park Discovery Pool Coral Reef Adventure Bay Playground & Picnic Areas Region Quiz: read these questions before you enter the region and keep them in mind. As you explore, you’ll find the answers on our signs and displays 1. How many teeth do sea urchins have? 2. What animal breathes through its bottom? 3. Which animal takes its stomach out of its mouth to eat? 4. Why are fish slimy? Give at least 3 reasons: Coral is made up of tiny jellyfish like animals, called polyps, that live together in a colony. 5. Most animals are capable of locomotion (moving around). Why can’t coral polyps? _____________________________________________________________________ There are hard and soft corals. Hard corals make a skeleton for themselves and as they grow so does the reef. 6. What do they use to make these bony structures? _____________________________________________________________________ 7. What grows inside hard corals and what does it do for the coral? _____________________________________________________________________ Hint: corals don’t need to find much food because of this! 8. Why can daisy corals live in the dark, while many other corals can’t? _____________________________________________________________________ 9. Recipe for a reef; what are the 3 water conditions that all coral reefs need to grow? _____________________________________________________________________