Download Ch. 24 - Organic Compounds

Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
Ch. 24 - Organic Compounds
Matching
Match each formula with the correct substance below.
Figure 24-2
____
1. amino acid
____
2. saturated hydrocarbon
____
3. substituted hydrocarbon
____
4. aromatic ring
____
5. polymer
____
6. unsaturated hydrocarbon
____
7. alcohol
Short Answer
8. Give 3 examples common polymers found in the human body.
1
ID: B
Name: ________________________
ID: B
Figure 24-3
9. The compounds shown in Figure 21-3 are isomers of each other. What is the chemical formula for these
compounds?
10. Explain why protein can be described as a polymer. How many organic monomers does it have? What are
they called?
11. How do chemists and engineers turn crude oil into products like kerosene and asphalt?
12. Draw and label 2 isomers of Butane, C4H10.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 13. An organic molecule that has hydrogen and oxygen present in a 2:1 ratio is a ____.
a. protein
c. carbohydrate
b. lipid
d. nucleic acid
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Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 14. Cholesterol is a(n) ____ needed to build cell membranes.
a. lipid
c. protein
b. carbohydrate
d. amino acid
____ 15. A huge molecule made up of many smaller molecules is called a(n) ____.
a. monomer
c. polymer
b. isomer
d. isotope
____ 16. Catenation is the ability of carbon to
a. produce cats.
b. form polymers.
c.
d.
react with various substances.
dissolve in water.
____ 17.
According to the information in the table, in which compound are carbon molecules joined by a
double bond?
a. ethene
c. ethyne
b. methane
d. napthalene
____ 18. Compounds that have identical chemical formulas but different molecular structures and shapes are called
____.
a. monomers
c. isotopes
b. polymers
d. isomers
____ 19. Chemists and engineers separate petroleum into its individual compounds by ____.
a. melting point
c. boiling point
b. carbon content
d. density
____ 20. All of the following materials are organic compounds EXCEPT _________.
a. hydrogen
c. lipids
b. cholesterol
d. nucleic acids
____ 21. A polymer formed from amino acids is a ____.
a. nucleic acid
c.
b. lipid
d.
protein
carbohydrate
____ 22. The bond between the carboxylic acid group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid is
called a(n) ____.
a. benzene ring
c. ionic bond
b. peptide bond
d. covalent bond
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Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 23. An organic compound that has a -COOH group and a -NH2 group is a(n) ____.
a. amino acid
c. protein
b. carbohydrate
d. lipid
____ 24. Which of the following statements is true of all aromatic compounds?
a. They contain a benzene ring structure.
b. They are substituted hydrocarbons.
c. They contain only carbon atoms.
d. They contain only single bonds.
____ 25. Rubbing alcohol is a(n) ____.
a. organic acid
b. aromatic compound
c.
d.
carbohydrate
substituted hydrocarbon
____ 26. The element carbon exists naturally in all of the following forms EXCEPT ____________.
a. diamond
c. metal
b. graphite
d. charcoal
____ 27. The word aficionados in this passage means
a. officials.
c.
b. writers.
d.
devotees.
contractors.
____ 28. The picture below shows models of some organic compounds. According to the diagram, which of
these is a major characteristic of organic compounds?
a.
b.
They interact with nitrogen.
They have a basic ring shape.
c.
d.
They contain carbon atoms
They contain five atoms.
____ 29. Proteins have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT being _______________.
a. able to fold into different shapes
c. the most common component of your
b.
inorganic compounds
d.
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body except water
made of amino acids
Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 30.
Ghost Busters
A memorable character from a comedy-horror film several years ago was the
friendly, translucent ghost who had a rather voracious appetite. This ghost would
leave blobs of slime on you if he rubbed against you as he passed by on his way to
eat more food.
The illusion of this ghost was the result of the imagination of several visual
engineers and some impressive special effects. However, the slime that dripped
off of the actors was no illusion. The movie producers needed a way to
manufacture real slime. They turned to the special effects artists, who relied on
chemical engineers to manufacture genuine slime.
The engineers were able to develop the slime because of the tendency of
carbon to form long chains, or polymers. This characteristic, known as catenation,
distinguishes carbon from almost all other elements. By dissolving two relatively
common substances—polyvinyl alcohol and sodium tetraborate—in water and
then mixing them together, the chemists were able to produce the polymer.
Audiences fell in love with the polymer, which quickly became known to movie
aficionados as slime. As an added benefit, it is possible to have many colors of
slime by adding dyes or pigments. But of course, as anyone who has seen the
movie knows, the color of “authentic” slime is bright green.
The word voracious in this passage means
a. petite.
c.
b. carnivorous.
d.
huge.
repulsive.
____ 31. Information about alcohols and organic acids would most likely be found under which heading in a
table of contents?
a. The Funny Shapes of Fused Rings
b.
The Underground Life of Petroleum
c.
d.
The Uses of Substituted
Hydrocarbons
The Math of Saturation
____ 32. A hydrocarbon containing only single-bonded carbon atoms is called a(n) ____ hydrocarbon.
a. substituted
c. aromatic
b. unsaturated
d. saturated
____ 33. Which of the following formulas represents an organic acid?
a. CH3OCH3
c. CH3COOCH3
b. CH3COOH
d. CH3OH
____ 34. How many electrons does a carbon atom have in its outer energy level?
a. 2
c. 6
b. 4
d. 8
____ 35. ____ account for 15 percent of your total body weight.
a. Lipids
c. Nucleic acids
b. Carbohydrates
d. Proteins
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Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 36. A polymer formed from amino acids is a ____.
a. carbohydrate
c.
b. protein
d.
nucleic acid
lipid
____ 37. Petroleum is a type of fossil fuel. According to this definition, where does petroleum come from?
a. a type of moss that lives in dark caves c. deep ocean vents
b. asteroids that have crashed to Earth
d. the remains of long-dead plants and
animals
____ 38. The structure of benzene can best be described as a ____.
a. ring with a branched chain
c. branched chain
b. ring
d. straight chain
____ 39. Which of the following explains why there are so many organic compounds?
a. Carbon is a nonmetal.
b. Carbon has six protons in its nucleus.
c. Carbon has six electrons.
d. Carbon can form four covalent bonds.
____ 40. DNA is a ____.
a. lipid
b. protein
c.
d.
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
____ 41. Butane and isobutane are isomers. Isomers are compounds with
a. identical chemical formulas and
c. identical molecular structures but
b.
molecular structures
different chemical formulas and
molecular structures
d.
different chemical formulas
identical chemical formulas but
different molecular structures
____ 42. A hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms is replaced by an -OH group is a(n)____.
a. alcohol
c. carbohydrate
b. lipid
d. aromatic
____ 43. Plastic is a(n) ____.
a. inorganic compound
b. nucleic acid
c.
d.
polymer
monomer
____ 44. Which of the following groups is characteristic of an alcohol?
a. -CO
c. -NH2
b. -OH
d. -COOH
____ 45. The individual molecules that make up a polymer are called ____.
a. nucleic acids
c. monomers
b. amino acids
d. peptides
____ 46. The main purpose of this passage is to
a. persuade people to watch movies.
b.
summarize the plot of the movie.
c.
d.
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show how carbon compounds can be
utilized to make slime.
provide readers with directions for
making slime.
Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 47. Organic materials contain carbon. There are many different kinds of organic materials. This is
because carbon
a. is a very light element
b. all of the above
c.
d.
forms many types of bonds
is the most common element
____ 48. While discussing aromatic compounds, Akira’s teacher passed around a vial full of a sour-smelling
liquid. Besides having an acrid smell, aromatic compounds also have which of the following
characteristics?
a. very high boiling point
c. ring structure
b. moderate viscosity
d. made of proteins
____ 49. Which statement best describes a hydrocarbon?
a. A hydrocarbon is a molecule that
c. A hydrocarbon is a molecule that
b.
contains hydrogen.
A hydrocarbon is a molecule that
contains carbon.
d.
contains carbon and hydrogen.
A hydrocarbon is an inorganic
compound that contains carbon.
____ 50. There are over four million organic compounds. The element carbon forms so many compounds
because __________.
a. carbon atoms have high
electronegativity
b. carbon atoms have low ionization
energy
c.
d.
carbon atoms readily form ionic
bonds with other carbon atoms
carbon atoms readily form four
covalent bonds with other atoms
____ 51. All of the following products come from petroleum except ____.
a. plastics
c. sugar
b. most dyes
d. gasoline
____ 52. An isomer of a compound with the formula C2H6 would have the formula ____.
a. CH
c. C2H3OH2
b. C2H6
d. C2Cl6
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Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 53. An oil refinery separates petroleum into different carbon compounds by boiling it and allowing the
oil to vaporize.Which of the following illustrates a typical oil refinery?
a.
c.
b.
d.
____ 54. A compound that is made up only of carbon and hydrogen is called a(n) ____.
a. amino acid
c. carbohydrate
b. alcohol
d. hydrocarbon
____ 55. A hydrocarbon that has at least one double or triple bond is ____.
a. aromatic
c. saturated
b. substituted
d. unsaturated
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ID: B
Ch. 24 - Organic Compounds
Answer Section
MATCHING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
C
B
F
G
D
A
E
SHORT ANSWER
8. ANS:
Proteins, Nucleic Acids (DNA), Carbohydrates (sugars, starches), Lipids (fats, oils)
9. ANS:
C6H6
10. ANS:
It is a large organic molecule formed from monomers. Protein has 20 monomers called amino acids.
11. ANS:
First, they extract the crude oil from the ground. Then they separate it into its individual compounds by
boiling point in a process called fractional distillation.
12. ANS:
(Students should have 2 drawings that are properly labeled)
They should be in the above space.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
13.
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ANS:
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C
A
C
B
A
D
C
A
C
B
STA: SCI.IV.1.MS.3
STA: SCI.IV.1.MS.3
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ID: B
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A
A
D
C
C
C
B
C
C
D
B
B
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B
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B
D
D
D
A
C
B
C
C
C
C
C
D
C
B
A
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D
STA: SCI.IV.1.MS.3
STA: SCI.IV.1.MS.3
STA: SCI.IV.1.MS.3
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