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Benchmark #1 Study Guide – CE.2-5, 9 Name: _____________________________ T e xt Group #1 – Fundamental Political Principles _____ The government is not all powerful. The people restrict the power. B 1. _____ 2. People elect officeholders to make laws on their behalf. E _____ A system of government where the people rule. D 3. A _____ 4. People are the source of any and all government power. C _____ 5. Everyone is bound by the law. The laws apply to everyone. A. B. C. D. E. Consent of the Governed Limited Government Rule of Law Democracy Representative Government Group #2 _____ F 6. _____ J 7. _____ G 8. I 9. _____ _____ H 10. Guaranteed the rights of Englishmen to the colonists Served as a model for the Bill of Rights Stated freedom of religious beliefs and opinions Declared the colonies’ independence from Great Britain The Declaration of Independence stated grievances against… F. G. H. I. J. Charters of the Virginia Co. of London Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom The King of Great Britain T Declaration of Independence e Virginia Declaration of Rights Group #3 L 11. _____ _____ O 12. _____ M 13. _____ N 14. _____ K 15. The “unalienable rights” listed in the Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence states all men (people) are … Created the first form of national government, but failed The Articles of Confederation gave too much power to … K. L. M. N. O. central government Group #4 – Constitution of the United States R 16. _____ Established the structure of the United States government _____ Guaranteed equality under the law with ____________ rule P 17. _____ The rights of the __________ protected Q 18. _____ Affirmed individual _____________________ of all people S 19. T 20. _____ Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, and Speech P. Q. R. S. T. Majority Minority Constitution of the United States Worth and Dignity Protects the fundamental freedoms of Group #5 U _____ 21. W _____ 22. _____ 23. Y X _____ 24. _____ V 25. U. V. W. X. Y. The Preamble 27 Goals of the gov’t listed in the Preamble The Constitution of the United States “We the People” Weak under the Articles of Confederation; no power to tax or enforce laws Opening of the Constitution; states the purpose of the Constitution Defense, Justice, Welfare, Union, Tranquility, Liberty How does the Preamble tell us the power comes from the people? What document explains how to amend the Constitution? How many amendments have been added to the Constitution? xt Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness Articles of Confederation states equal under the law Group #6 _____ E 26. B 27. _____ C _____ 28. D 29. _____ _____ A 30. Who proposes an amendment to the Constitution of the U.S.? Who ratifies an amendment to the Constitution of the U.S.? Who proposes an amendment to the Virginia Constitution? Who ratifies an amendment to the Virginia Constitution? What amendment defines citizenship? A. B. C. D. E. The 14th Amendment State Legislatures Virginia General Assembly Virginia Voters U.S. Congress Group #7 F 31. _____ _____ H 32. _____ G 33. J 34. _____ _____ I 35. What are the two ways to become a citizen? Knowledge of American history, Learn to read, write, and speak English Extends due process protection to the states … Immigration in the 20th century (1900’s) made our country more … Term that states the government must treat you fairly F. G. H. I. J. Birth or Naturalization The 14th Amendment Requirements of Naturalization Due Process Diverse The media have the right to publish information even if it criticizes the gov’t. K. L. M. N. O. Freedom of Religion Freedom of Assembly Freedom of the Press Freedom of Petition Freedom of Speech The most important responsibility; improves the quality of life … P. Q. R. S. T. Face legal consequences Responsibilities of citizens Examples of Responsibilities Duties of citizens Contributing to the Common good Tutoring and volunteering to help others are examples of … Driving the speed limit Helping an elderly person across the street Watching the cash box in the concession stand Babysitting or Mowing lawns to pay for your expenses U. V. W. X. Y. Trustworthiness and Honesty Courtesy and respect for others Community Service Group #8 _____ M 36. O _____ 37. _____ L 38. N 39. _____ _____ K 40. Group #9 _____ S 41. _____ P 42. _____ 43. Q _____ 44. R T 45. _____ Group #10 _____ W 46. Y 47. _____ _____ V 48. _____ U 49. _____ X 50. Individuals are free to express their opinions and beliefs. Individuals may peacefully gather. Individuals have the right to make their views known to public officials. Government may not interfere with anyone’s right to worship. Obey laws, Pay taxes, Serve in the armed forces, Serve on a jury or as a witness Duties are required by the law. Citizens who do not fulfill their civic duties … Voluntary actions fulfilled by choice Voting, Volunteering, Staying informed, communicating with the government Responsibility, Accountability, & Self-Reliance Respect for the law Group #11 _____ A 51. _____ C 52. B 53. _____ D 54. _____ E 55. _____ Group #12 _____ J 56. _____ H 57. _____ I 58. _____ 59. G _____ 60. F Group #13 _____ 61. M _____ K 62. L 63. _____ N 64. _____ O 65. _____ Group #14 _____ R 66. P 67. _____ Q 68. _____ S 69. _____ T _____ 70. Group #15 X 71. _____ _____ 72. V _____ W 73. _____ U 74. _____ Y 75. Standing for the National Anthem Reading, watching, and evaluating campaign news in the media Joining the Green Club or Volunteering at the S.P.C.A Political parties recruit and nominate … Political parties try to help candidates … A. B. C. D. E. Patriotism Political parties monitor the actions of … Political parties try to educate citizens … F. G. H. I. J. Similarities between the parties Differences in the parties Campaign Issues The Political Center Officeholders K. L. M. N. O. Political Personality (Teddy Roosevelt) Win New ideas or a particular issue Mass Media during elections Mass Media during elections Separate fact from opinion, Recognize bias, Identify Propaganda, & Evaluate Sources P. Q. R. S. T. Advantages to the wealthy PAC’s and Special Interest Groups Fundraising Activities Responsibility of Voters Ways to Evaluate Campaign Materials Laws designed to limit money given to political candidates What do you have to do before you can vote? U.S. Citizen, Resident of Virginia and voting precinct, and 18 years old Registrar’s Office, DMV, By-Mail, and Other Designated Sites When does voter registration close? U. V. W. X. Y. Places to Register Register Qualifications to Register Campaign Finance Reform 22 Days before the Election Political parties attempt to gain the support of the majority by appealing to … Stated in the party platform and reflected in campaigning Try to win elections, influence public policy, reflect liberal & conservative views … Third parties often focus on … Third parties often revolve around a … Third parties rarely do this … Identify the candidates, broadcast different points of view Emphasize selected issues; publish editorials, political cartoons, and op-ed pieces Because of high campaign costs candidates must spend time doing … High campaign costs limit who can run for office and give … Who helps raise money for candidates in order to influence public policy? Whose job is it to evaluate campaign information? Participation in school or the local community Being an informed voter Candidates Win elections Group #16 _____ D 76. _____ B 77. _____ A 78. _____ E 79. _____ C 80. Group #17 _____ F 81. _____ I 82. _____ G 83. _____ H 84. _____ J 85. Factors used to determine who vote? Reasons why people do not vote. Voter turnout is the highest during … Who officially elects the President and Vice President? What determines the number of votes each state receives in the Electoral College? In the winner take all system of the Electoral College candidates target … Who can make a difference in tight elections? What does the Electoral College favor? How can students T under age 18 participate in the political process? Focus attention on e issues, Share opposing viewpoints, and hold government officials xt accountable Group #18 _____ The government uses the media to communicate with … K 86. _____ Voting, Campaigning, Lobbying, Demonstrating, Writing Letters, N 87. Seeking Office, and Joining Interest Groups L _____ 88. Identifying Issues, Lobbying, and Making Political Contributions M 89. _____ Who has to create public policies to deal with international issues? O 90. _____ Public Health, Public Safety, Economic Development, Environment A. B. C. D. E. Presidential Elections Apathy and Failure to Register Congressional Members = Population Age, Education, and Income The Electoral College F. G. H. I. J. Large populated states Two party system K. L. M. N. O. The public Participate in Campaigns and Simulations Small states How the media influences public policy How interest groups influence public policy Local government officials How individuals influence public policy International issues that can affect local governments