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CENTRAL OKANAGAN CLEAN AIR STRATEGY W H AT I S N I T R O G E N D I O X I D E ? Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) belongs to a group of nitrogen-containing substances called nitrogen oxides (NO x). NOx are released into the atmosphere from high-temperature combustion processes such as car engines, power plants and industrial processes. Although primarily emitted as nitric oxide (NO), NO2 is rapidly formed when NO reacts with ozone (O3) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The major sources of NO2 oil and gas industry, and the use of fuel for electricity generation and heating. It is a precursor to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and contributes to acid rain. SOURCES OF NO X IN THE CENTRAL OKANAGAN AIRSHED On-road vehicles 4% 1% 6% 1% O -road vehicles Aircraft 8% Rail Point sources 8% 53% Industrial sources 4% Residential wood burning Other non-industrial sources 15% Incineration and prescribed burning Other open sources N I T R O G E N OX I D E FO R E C AST FO R T H E C E N T R A L O KA N AG A N 8500 NOx 8400 Nitrogen dioxide can irritate the lungs and lower resistance to respiratory infections such as influenza, and increase short-term exposure are still unclear, but continued or frequent 8300 Tonnes of pollutant / year H E A LT H A N D E N V I R O N M E N TA L E F F E C T S exposure to concentrations that are typically much higher than 8200 those normally found in the ambient air may cause increased 8100 incidence of acute respiratory illness in children. EPA's 8000 health-based national air quality standard for NO2 is 0.053 ppm 7900 (measured as an annual arithmetic mean concentration). Nitrogen oxides contribute to ozone formation and can have 7800 7700 Nitrogen oxides in the air can significantly contribute to a 7600 eutrophication in coastal waters like the Chesapeake Bay. 7500 7400 2006 2030 SO UR C ES http://www.ec.gc.ca/indicateurs-indicators/default.asp?lang=en&n =C8BFC3F2-1 http://www.epa.gov/airtrends/aqtrnd95/no2.html in nutrients that leads to a reduction in the amount of oxygen in the water, producing an environment that is destructive to fish and other animal life.