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Robert Hooke (1635-1703) -Freshwater, England • He discovered cells by looking at a cork through a microscope • He thought it looked like honeycomb • He had actually discovered cells • He was the first to call them cells • He and Sir Isaac Newton were enemies “By the help of microscopes, there is nothing so small, as to escape our inquiry; hence there is a new visible world discovered to the understanding.” – Robert Hooke AntonieVanLeeuwenhoek(1632-1723) “Manhasalwaystobebusy withhisthoughtsifanything istobeaccomplished.” -DutchscienFst -Madeadvancesinmicroscopesand achievedx250magnificaFon–an expertmicroscopebuilder -Wasthefirsthumantoobserve microorganisms -Usedoneofhisownmicroscopesto lookatpondwater -InpondwaterhesawFnyorganisms thathecalledanimalcules -Thefirstpersontoobserveanddescribe humanredbloodcellsandbacteria ByAri,Tom&James Ma#hiasJacobSchleiden (1804–1881) • Germanbotanist • Studiedprimarilycellsinplants • Proposedallplantsarecomposedofcells • Declaredthatthecellisthebasicbuilding blockofallplantma#er • Showedthatthedevelopmentofall vegetableFssuescomesfromtheacFvity ofcells • Proposedthatallnewplants(plant embryos)grewfromasinglecell “Newcellsmusthavepropagatedfrom nuclearoldcells.” ByZiggy,SimoneandLuca THEODOR SCHWANN (1810-1882) • German physiologist • Defined the cell as the basic unit of not only plant but also animal structure • His discovery linked the cells in plants and animals • Coined the term metabolism • Discovered Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system • Discovered and studied pepsin (digestive enzyme) Quote: “The cause of nutrition and growth resides not in the organism as a whole but in the separate elementary parts – the cells.“ By Beth, Sophia, & Camden Carl Nägeli (1817-1891) • Swiss botanist • Short after his graduation he became a science genius • First to observe cell division during the formation of pollen • One of the first scientists to distinguish the plant cell wall from the inner components of cells • The first to describe microsporidia (spore forming unicellular parasites) • Developed an ‘inner perfecting principle’ “If faith begins where knowledge ends, then as the empire of knowledge thus always increases in extent, that of faith decreases as constantly.” ByYoko,Phoenix&Charlie Rudlof Virchow (1821 - 1902) • German physician • Proposed that all cells result from the division of existing cells • Suggested the basic ideas of cellular pathology • In 1857 he was the first person to describe a type of tumour called chordoma • Explained the mechanism of pulmonary thromboembolism “Every cell from a cell”