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Mythology
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Trojan War Study Guide
Mythology, Hamilton-Part Four “The Heroes of the Trojan War.”
1. Eris is the goddess of what?
2. How/why did she disrupt Thetis’ wedding?
3. With what did each goddess try to bribe Paris?
a. Hera-
b. Athena-
c. Aphrodite-
4. Who won and why?
5. What oath did Helen’s suitors have to take?
Why?
6. How did Paris violate hospitality laws while visiting Menelaus?
7. To what extent was Menelaus to blame?
8. According to Hamilton’s version of the story, what was the reason for the Trojan
War?
9. How did Odysseus try to get out of it?
a. How did he get caught?
10. How did Achilles try to get out of going to war?
a. How did he get caught?
11. Why wouldn’t the wind blow so that the Greeks cold sail to Troy?
12. What did Agamemnon have to do to get the ships moving?
13. List the gods/goddesses helping:
the Greeks
the Trojans
14. List the major Greek warriors
Trojan warriors
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15. Why did Achilles refuse to fight?
a. What changed his mind?
16. Who killed Hector?
17. What did he do with his body?
18. What did he do to “sort of” redeem himself from this sacrilege?
19. Who killed Achilles?
a. How/why was he able to do it?
20. Who got his armour?
21. What did the loser do?
22. Who developed the final plan that won the war?
a. What was it?
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23. What did the Greeks do after they got into the city, for which they are later punished
by the gods?
24. What happened to the royal family?
25. What prominent Trojans escaped?
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THETIS
Characters of the Trojan War
KING PELEUS
beautiful sea nymph
bride of King Peleus
Mother of Achilles
Tries to prevent Achilles from going to war
Gets Ach new armour to fight Hector
groom of Thetis
HELEN
wife of King Menelaus
most beautiful woman
PARIS (T)
chosen by Zeus to decide beauty contest/chose Aphrodite
caused the destruction of Troy
son of Priam
prophecy said he would destroy Troy so he was sent to die; raised by shepherds
stole Helen and took her out to sea
killed Achilles with arrow to his heel
most cowardly
HECTOR (T)
KING PRIAM (T)
best Trojan fighter
Kills Patroclus in battle
King of Troy
Paris’ & Hector’s father
QUEEN HECUBA (T)
CASSANDRA (T)
mother of Hector/wife of Priam
begged him to come back in city
sees future but no one believes her
King Priam’s daughter
warned Trojans about wooden horse
AENEAS (T)
one Trojan who was spared when Troy went down
son of Aphrodite
ACHILLES (Gr)
touched by black waters by baby so he cannot be harmed except in heel
dresses like a girl in King Lycomedes’ court to avoid war
tricked by Odysseus and joins Greeks on ships to Troy
best Greek fighter
friend of Patroclus
Avenges Patroclus’ death by killing Hector
quits battle after fight with Agamemnon; only protects his crew
ODYSSEUS (Gr)
king of Ithaca
acted crazy to avoid going to war
got Achilles’ armour after he died
came up with idea of wooden horse
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PATROCLUS (Gr)
friend of Achilles
takes Achilles’ armour, chariot and Myrmidons (immortal horses)
Led Greeks in driving Trojans back when Greeks were almost defeated
Killed by Hector
AGAMEMNON (Gr)
SINON (Gr)
commander of Greek army
left behind to trick Trojans into bringing
Menelaus’ brother
wooden horse into city
his daughter Iphegenia was
sacrificed to get winds to blow them to Troy
takes one of Achilles captured girls
AJAX (Gr)
MENELAUS (Gr)
killed himself when he didn’t get
Achilles armour
Helen’s husband/he goes to Troy to get her
King of Sparta
Gods and Goddesses
ERIS
ZEUS
Goddess of Discord
asked to choose fairest
Not invited to Thetis/Peleus wedding
had Paris do it instead
Threw golden apples that said “To the Fairest”
Wanted to ruin wedding
ATHENA
APHRODITE
one of the goddesses in beauty contest
Goddess of Wisdom
sided with Greeks
winner of beauty contest
Goddess of Love
promised Paris the most beautiful
saved Paris in battle
sided with Trojans
HERA
HEPHAESTUS
Zeus’ jealous wife
one of goddesses in beauty contest
sided with Greeks
made Achilles’ new armour for Thetis
HERMES
POSEIDON
took King Priam to Achilles to ask for funeral
sent sea serpent
ARES
helped Trojans
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