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Name_________________________________ Categorizing Characters in the Iliad Open in iAnnotate to complete. Read through the character list for the Iliad, which is on the last 32 pages. There are 4 main categories that most of the characters in Homer’s epic fall into: Greeks, Trojans, gods who favor/help the Greeks, gods who favor/help the Trojans. Determine what category, if any, the characters belong in based on the descriptions given. Then provide some aspect given in the description of the character in the Description column. NOTE: Not all characters on the list will go in one of the categories. Place Helen in the category of where she currently stays. The gods and goddesses will go on the second page. TROJANS GREEKS (ACHAEANS) CHARACTER Achilles DESCRIPTION best Greek warrior CHARACTER DESCRIPTION GODS WHO FAVOR/HELP THE GREEKS GODS WHO FAVOR/HELP THE TROJANS CHARACTER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION When you are finished, save this to your Drive as Flattened; save as Annotated until you are finished. You will submit this to turnitin.com when the due date is announced. Once you log in to turnitin, put in a title, select Choose from Drive. You will need to paste your email in and enter your password since you will be logging in through Safari and not the Drive app. You must record your Submission ID#. If you do not get an ID#, your submission did not work. If you have trouble, please email it to [email protected]. Without proof of your submission to turnitin or via email, you will receive a zero. NO EXCUSES. I WILL NOT GRADE YOUR WORK UNLESS IT IS IN TURNITIN OR SENT TO MY EMAIL EVEN IF I SAW YOU WORKING ON IT, KNOW THAT YOU FINISHED IT, HELPED YOU WITH IT ETC… BE RESPONSIBLE AND FOLLOW DIRECTIONS OR BE PREPARED TO ACCEPT THE CONSEQUENCES WITHOUT COMPLAINT. Character List- the Iliad The characters are listed in alphabetical order. Achilles The son of the military man Peleus and the sea-nymph Thetis. The most powerful warrior in the Iliad, Achilles commands the Myrmidons, soldiers from the homeland of Phthia in Greece. Proud and headstrong, he takes offense easily and reacts with blistering indignation when he perceives that his honor has been slighted. Achilles’ wrath at Agamemnon for taking his war prize, the maiden Briseis, forms the main subject of the Iliad. Aeneas Son of Aphrodite; a Trojan nobleman. He is second in command of the Trojan army and a brave, skillful warrior. The Romans believed that Aeneas later founded their city (he is the protagonist of Virgil’s the Aeneid.) Agamemnon king of Mycenae; commander-in-chief of the expedition against Troy. He is brother of Menelaus. Arrogant and often selfish, Agamemnon provides the Achaeans with strong but sometimes reckless and self-serving leadership. Like Achilles, he lacks consideration and forethought. Most saliently, his tactless appropriation of Achilles’ war prize, Briseis, creates a crisis for the Achaeans, when Achilles, insulted, withdraws from the war. Andromache Hector’s loving wife. She begs Hector to withdraw from the war and save himself before the Achaeans kill him. Aphrodite Daughter of Zeus; goddess of love and sexual desire. She is the mother of Aeneas and is the patron of Paris, so she fights on the Trojan side. She is married to Hephaestus, but she maintains a romantic relationship with Ares, god of war. She is especially connected with Paris and Helen in the Iliad. Apollo Son of Zeus and twin brother of the goddess Artemis, Apollo is god of the arts and archery. He supports the Trojans and often intervenes in the war on their behalf. Ares god of war and lover of Aphrodite. Ares generally supports the Trojans in the war. Artemis Daughter of Zeus; twin sister of Apollo; goddess of the hunt and wild animals. She fights on the Trojan side, but with little effect. Astyanax The infant son of Hector and Andromache. Athena goddess of wisdom, purposeful battle, and the womanly arts; Zeus’s daughter. Like Hera, Athena passionately hates the Trojans and often gives the Achaeans valuable aid. Briseis A war prize of Achilles. When Agamemnon is forced to return Chryseis to her father, he appropriates Briseis as compensation, sparking Achilles’ great rage. Calchas An important soothsayer. Calchas’s identification of the cause of the plague ravaging the Achaean army in Book 1 leads inadvertently to the rift between Agamemnon and Achilles. Chryseis Daughter of Chryses, the priest of Apollo. She is the "war prize" hostage of Agamemnon until Apollo demands that she be returned to her father. She is from a Trojan-allied town. Chryses A priest of Apollo in a Trojan-allied town; the father of Chryseis. Diomedes The youngest of the Achaean commanders, Diomedes is bold and sometimes proves impetuous. After Achilles withdraws from combat, Athena inspires Diomedes with such courage that he actually wounds two gods, Aphrodite and Ares. Great Ajax an Achaean commander; second mightiest Achaean warrior after Achilles; his reputation is due primarily to his extraordinary size, brute strength and courage, which are his virtues in the poem. Epithet: wall of army. Hector Prince of Troy and son of Priam and Hecuba. Hector is commander of all the Trojan and allied forces. He is the greatest of the Trojan warriors and one of the most noble characters in the Iliad. He is always conscious of his duty and his responsibilities to his people and does not let his personal interests interfere. He is a devoted and loving husband and father. Hecuba Wife of Priam. Queen of Troy. Helen Originally married to Menelaus, she ran away to Troy with Paris and became his wife. Supposedly, she is the most beautiful woman in the world; however, she is also self-centered. Hephaestus god of fire and husband of Aphrodite, Hephaestus is the gods’ metalsmith and is known as the lame or crippled god. He helps the Acheaeans by forging a new set of armor for Achilles. Hera Queen of the gods and wife of Zeus. She is the most fanatical of all the Olympian supporters of the Achaeans and is willing to go to any lengths, including the deception of her husband, to achieve the defeat of Troy. She was the goddess of women and childbirth. Hermes messengers of the gods; He escorts Priam on his visit to Achilles in Book XXIV. Iris A messenger of Zeus. Menelaus King of Sparta and younger brother of Agamemnon He was the husband of Helen, who was abducted by Paris. Myrmidons The soldiers under Achilles’ command, hailing from Achilles’ homeland, Phthia. Nestor The oldest of the Achaean warriors at Troy. Nestor has all the wisdom and experience of age and is a valuable asset in the council. Although he can no longer fight, he remains at the front line at every battle, commanding his troops. He is a persuasive orator. Odysseus A fine warrior and the cleverest of the Achaean commanders. Along with Nestor, Odysseus is one of the Achaeans’ two best public speakers. He helps mediate between Agamemnon and Achilles during their quarrel and often prevents them from making rash decisions. Pandaros A good archer, but a treacherous man; it is he who breaks the truce in Book IV. Paris (Alexander) A prince of Troy; son of Priam and Hecuba; also husband of Helen. He seems content to allow the Trojans to fight for him. He is reprimanded for this by Hector more than once. His reputation is that of a "pretty boy." His smoothness and glibness are not admired by the warriors of either side, and they often accuse him of cowardice. He fights effectively with a bow and arrow (never with the more manly sword or spear). Patroclus Achilles' close friend and warrior-companion. Patroclus grew up alongside the great warrior in Phthia, under the guardianship of Peleus. Peleus Achilles’ father. Although his name often appears in the epic, Peleus never appears in person. Phoenix A kindly old warrior, Phoenix helped raise Achilles while he himself was still a young man. Achilles deeply loves and trusts Phoenix. Polydamas a young Trojan commander; a very able and clear-headed military strategist whose advice to Hector is usually not heeded. Poseidon Younger brother of Zeus; god of the sea. He is a strong supporter of the Achaean cause, having an old grudge against Troy because they never paid him for helping them to build their city. He is also somewhat resentful of Zeus' claim to authority over him. Priam King of Troy. He is very old and no longer able to command his army in the field, but he has earned the respect of both the Trojans and the Achaeans. He is a noble and generous man, one of the few Trojans besides Hector who treats Helen with respect and courtesy, despite her infidelity to her husband and the war caused by her actions. Thetis Mother of Achilles, a sea nymph. She is a staunch advocate of her son in his quarrel with Agamemnon and gets Zeus to help the Trojans and punish the Achaeans at the request of her angry son. Zeus king of the gods and husband of Hera. His duty is to carry out the will of Destiny, so he is officially neutral in the war, but he is sympathetic toward the Trojans, particularly Hector and Priam, and he supports Achilles against Agamemnon. Of all the gods, he alone seems able to change fate, though he chooses not to because of the disruption to the world that would be caused.