Download Lilies in the Wild and in the Garden Red Canada Lily ( Lilium

Red Canada Lily (Lilium canadense var. editorum)
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Gray’s lily (Lilium grayi S. Watson). Distinguishing characteristics:
Bell-shaped flowers, tepals flared, not recurved; red style,
included anthers, range, and habitat.
While the country is observing July 4th,
the surviving stems of Gray’s lily are
celebrating one more year of f lowering.
Confined to a few high elevation locations in Virginia, Tennessee, and North
Carolina, Gray’s lily’s favorite habitat,
grassy balds, is losing ground to aggressive natives such as blackberry canes. Valiant preservation efforts
by various groups using innovative measures, such as grazing goats,
seem to be making some headway. Other groups conduct annual
flower counts to assess the extent of survival.
Recognition of Gray’s lily is unmistakable due to the unique
bell shape of the non-fragrant f lower. Slightly f lared and nonprotruding anthers are also defi nitive features of this rare gem.
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Part 1/Native Lilies of the Eastern United States
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Regal Lily (Lilium regale E.H. Wilson). Distinguishing
Characteristics: Flowers white inside, pinkish-purple outside.
Regal lily is native to China where it has a
narrow range along the Min River in the
northern section of Sichuan. This lily was
introduced to the United States by E.H.
Wilson in 1903. Since then, this lily with its
beautiful flower has become one of the most
popular cultivated varieties. A relatively tall stem, up
to 5 feet, bears a multitude of long, narrow, linear, alternate leaves.
Flowers, 6 inches long, are white inside and pinkish-purple outside with semi-reflexed flower lobes. Numerous seeds are produced,
readily germinating and yielding plants that bring forth a single
flower during the second or third season. Large, mature bulbs may
produce plants that yield a cluster of several fragrant flowers. Regal
lily has been documented growing wild in Alabama.
Lilies in the Wild and in the Garden
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Genus Hymenocallis Salisbury,
The “Spider Lilies”
Although various other “lilies” may be referred to as “spider lilies,” Hymenocallis members are all typically labeled by that common
name. This genus contains about 50 species from southern portions
of North America and the West Indies south to northeastern South
America. There are 14 species and varieties of Hymenocallis listed in
Weakley (2012). The generic name comes from a Greek word meaning “beautiful membrane” referring to the membrane attached to
and joining the stamens. Plants are perennial herbs with straplike
leaves arising from bulbs. The almost indistinguishable three petals and three sepals are spider-like, and subtend and surround the
saucer-like membrane (corona) on which the stamens are borne.
Two species are described below as examples.
Shoals Spider Lily (Hymenocallis coronaria)
Shoals Spider Lily, Cahaba Lily (Hymenocallis coronaria [ J. Le Conte]
Kunth). This U.S. native species is placed in Amaryllidaceae. The
plant occurs in southeastern Piedmont river systems at or above
the Fall Line on rocky shoals. The spectacular bloom emerges at
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Japa nese Cobra L i ly,
(Arisaema sikokianum), family
Araceae, is one of a number
of unusual Arisaema species
commonly referred to as
Japanese Cobra Lilies. (Artist
illustration).
illustrations by Jean C. Putnam Hancock
Voodoo Lilies, (Amorphophallus spp.) family Araceae,
belong to a large group of
exotic plants sometimes
available from nurseries. The
generic name, from ancient
Greek meaning “misshapen
phallus,” reflects the shape
of the flower. Some species
of these unusual plants produce flowers with a carrionlike odor. (Artist illustration).
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Part 4/Species Often Referred to as Lilies
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Glory Lily (Gloriosa rothschildiana)
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Part 4/Species Often Referred to as Lilies
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