Download Topic Details Founding of Rome - According to legend

Topic
Founding of Rome
Etruscans
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Details
According to legendRome was foundedby
Romulus
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He and his twin brotherwere said to have
beenraisedby wolves
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Legendsaysthat he killed his brotherRemus
in a fight over where the city shouldbe
located
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Most early Etruscanswere farmers
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Etruscaninfluencealong with that of the
Greekshad the greatestinfluenceon the
developmentof Romanreligion
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The Etruscanking was ovefthrown in 509
BC and the Romansformed a Republic
The Roman Senatewas composedmainly of
Patricianswho madethe Roman laws and
advisedthe consuls
Roman Senate
300 of them madeup the Legislativebranch
of the Roman government
Resentmentover their power causedunrest
They createda constitutioncalled The
Twelve Tables- a reform which helpedto
easetensionsbetweenthe Patriciansand the
Plebeians
Rolesin Roman Government
Punic Wars
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Executive- Two consulselectedfor one
year, led the governmentand commanded
the army
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Legislative- make the laws 300 Senators
most of whom were wealthy Patricians
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Judicial- Eightjudges oversawcourtsand
govemedthe provinces,eachhad the power
to veto the other
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Seriesof wars againstCarthage
Rome won all of them but almost lost the
secondone to Hannibal who crossedthe
Alps with elephantsand almost captured
Rome
The gap betweenrich and poor grew
Civil War
Generalsbecameambitious for power and
hired the poor as soldiers
Somegeneralsstayedloyal to the Republic
The otherssidedwith the Plebeians
Conflict broke out betweengroupswithin the
samecountry
The strugglelastedfor yearswhen Sulla,
who led the Patricianside,took power and
becamea dictator
Slavesmadeup the lowest and largestclass
in Roman society( up to 113of society)
Slaves
Someslaveswere prisonersof war
Otherswere bom into slavery
Trade
Slavescould be freed and were granted
Roman citizenshipwhen they became
freemen
- Tradebusiestduring the Pax Romana(Roman
Peace)
- Used trade routeson the MediterraneanSeato
travel to Spain,Africa, and westemAsia
Rome's Geography
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Also tradedby land in Gaul and other parts
ofEurope
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Tradersbrought back grain, ivory, silk,
spices,gold and silver, and wild animals
- Rome's location offered water, protection,and
trade
- 7 hills
- Tiber River
- Mediterranean,Adriatic, Ionian, and
TyrrhenianSeas
- Italianpeninsula
- Alps and the Apennines Mountains
Pax Romana
Roman Religion
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Startedby Augustus
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Beginning of 200 year period of peace
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Empire grew to its greatestsize
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Built roads,bridges,and tunnels
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CreatedstrongNavy
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Tradeprospered
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Greatestinfluencesfrom the Greeksand
Etruscans
Etruscanidea of gods in human form and
rituals designedto predict the future to
foretell resultsof battles,etc.
Borrowed many Greek gods and changed
most of their names
Emperorscould becomegods
Jupiter- the supremegod
Caesar'srule and his deathput and end to the
Republic
Caesarwas assassinated
by a group of
Senators
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The end of the Republic
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Explain the reasonsfor the collapseof
the Roman Republic.
Think about:
- The classtensionsin Roman society
- How Roman generalscausedunrest
- The rule of Julius Caesar
As time passedwealthy Romanswantedto
gain more power and wealth, this group
includedgeneralswho wantedmore power
The gap betweenthe rich and poor widened
Somegeneralswere supportedby Patricians
Somegeneralswere supportedby Plebeians
Civil war broke out betweengenerals
supportedby each group
Julius Caesarcameto power - he was made
"Dictator for life"
Concemover his growing power led to his
assassination.
In time, Augustusbecameemperorputting
an end to the Republic
Describe the government of the Roman
Republic.
Think about:
-The LegislativeBranch
- The ExecutiveBranch and the
Consuls
- The Judicial Branch
Rome's governmenthad three branches
Legislativebranchmadethe laws
Made up of 300 Senators,upper-class
Romans,and assembliesof Plebeians
Executivebranchheadedby two elected
consulswho carriedout the laws
Consulsservedfor one year
They commandedthe Roman armiesand had
power to veto or overrule eachother
The Judicial branchinterpretedthe laws
Eightjudges servedfor one year
They governedRome's provinces
How did the lives of the wealthy Romans
differ from the lives of the poor
Romans?
Think about:
- Eachgroup'sliving conditions
- What eachgroup typically ate
- The daily life of the Romansin
eachgroup
At the height of the Roman empire Rome
had about one million residents
Many of the peoplewere poor and live in the
city in tenements
Their homeshad no running water or toilets
'Ihey
ate mainly bread,olives, and fruit
They often went hungry
Many were unemployed
On the other hand,wealthy Romanslived in
large comfortablehomesin the countryside
Their diet consistedof fine foods like dates.
oysters,and ham.
Peopleof both classeswent to the bathsto
socializeand get clean
They also attendedchariot racesand watched
the gladiators fight to take their minds off the
troublesof the times and to be entertained