Download Review Energy Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best

Review Energy
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Which statement best describes the relationship between matter and energy in the universe?
a. Changes of mass to energy and energy to mass are observable in all chemical reactions.
b. The sum of mass and energy in the universe is increasing over time.
c. Matter and energy can be converted from one to the other, but their sum stays constant.
d. The sum of mass and energy in the universe is decreasing over time.
Objects can have kinetic energy, potential energy, or both. Energy can be in the form of motion. Energy can
also be stored by objects in various ways, including position, chemical bonds, or physical state.
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2. Refer to the information above. Which statement is true?
a. An object’s mass has no effect on its potential energy.
b. Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as a stationary object begins to move.
c. Kinetic energy is converted to potential energy as a stationary object begins to move.
d. A stretched rubber band stores no energy.
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3. Refer to the information above. What type of energy is found in a compressed spring?
a. gravitational potential energy
c. electrical energy
b. elastic potential energy
d. kinetic energy
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4. Refer to the information above. What type of energy does a spinning bicycle wheel have?
a. elastic potential energy
c. kinetic energy
b. nuclear energy
d. gravitational potential energy
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5. Refer to the information above. What type of energy found in food is important for organisms?
a. elastic potential energy
c. chemical potential energy
b. kinetic energy
d. gravitational potential energy
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6. Refer to the information above. What type of energy is found in the chemical bonds holding gasoline molecules
together?
a. gravitational potential energy
c. elastic potential energy
b. kinetic energy
d. chemical potential energy
Short Answer
1. Phil throws a ball that weighs 55 Newtons (N) up into the air. The ball travels at a speed of 4 meters per second
(m/s) and reaches its maximum height at 9.5 meters (m). At what height is the potential energy of the ball equal
to the kinetic energy of the ball? Round to the nearest hundredth if necessary.
2. Earth’s core under the crust is very hot, with molten magma and hot solids. What advantage would humans have
if some sources of underground steam were found rising to Earth’s surface from below. What improvement to
the quality of life would be possible?
3. A rider on a swing experiences changes in kinetic and potential energy as the swing moves. Study the diagram
below, which shows a swing moving from a high point (A) through two low points (B and C), and up to a
second high point (D). Explain how both kinetic and potential energy change as the swing and rider move from
point A to point D.
4. A camera is dropped off of a cliff that is 100 m tall. How fast is the camera going just before it strikes the ground?
5. Gunter, the weight lifter lifts a mass of 40 kg a distance of 2.0 m in 15 s. How much force does he need to apply,
how much work does he do, and how much power does he exert?
Vocabulary:
Energy
Elastic
Gravitational
Kinetic
Potential
Power
Work
Review Energy
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: C
2. ANS: B
3. ANS: B
4. ANS: C
5. ANS: C
6. ANS: D
1. ANS:
4.75 meters
2. ANS:
This is a perfect example of geothermal energy and there are many examples from around the world where
humans have utilized this renewable source of energy. Rising steam from deep within Earth can be tapped to
drive turbine generators producing electricity. Geothermal energy can also be used as a heat source. The benefit
to overall quality of life is apparent as an almost pollution-free source of renewable energy.
3. ANS:
At point A, the energy of the rider and swing is 100% potential energy. As the swing moves toward point B,
potential energy decreases, and kinetic energy increases. As the swing rises toward point C, it begins to lose
kinetic energy, and potential energy increases. At point D, potential energy is again 100%.
4. 44.27 m/s
5. 390N; 780J; 52W