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Damage observed in the
Ground Zero Zone
of Portoviejo
April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
EERI Learning from Earthquakes Briefing Webinar
Ana Gabriela Haro, PhD Candidate
North Carolina State University
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo - Outline
• Introduction
• Damage on Reinforced Concrete Buildings
• Residential and Commercial Buildings
• Churches
• Conclusions
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo - Outline
• Introduction
• Damage on Reinforced Concrete Buildings
• Residential and Commercial Buildings
• Churches
• Conclusions
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Introduction - Portoviejo
Ground Zero
Zone
Google View
Population: 250,000
Province: Manabí
Area: 373.6 mi²
Google View
Google View
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Introduction - Portoviejo
Google View
Google View
Source: http://www.geoportaligm.gob.ec/portal/index.php/sismo-2016/
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Introduction - Portoviejo
Google View
Google View
Singaucho J. C., L. A. (2016).
Observaciones del Sismo del 16 de
Abril de 2016 de Magnitud Mw 7.8.
Intensidades y Aceleraciones.
Revista Politécnica.
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo - Outline
• Introduction
• Damage on Reinforced Concrete Buildings
• Residential and Commercial Buildings
• Churches
• Conclusions
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
Post-earthquake damage assessment
Google View
Google View
RC
RC
(23.9%)
(38.1%)
Source: http://gestionriesgosec.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=da3427b0e35f473bb3029467a9b4f1fc
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
Reinforced concrete frame buildings with URM infills
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
Palace of Justice of Portoviejo - “Palacio de Justicia de Portoviejo”
Construction System: 9-story RC frame building
Damage: seismic joints
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
Damage: infill walls
Year of construction: 2002
Damage: contents
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
Damage: tile system
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
Damage to infill walls
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
"Mutualista Pichincha”; 10-story RC frame building
Partial collapse: general view
Partial collapse: close view
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Short column and poor detailing
Leaning direction
Leaning
direction
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
W
Google View
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
"Centro Comercial Municipal ”; 9-story RC frame building
Before the 2016 earthquake
IESS
After the 2016 earthquake
IESS
Google Street View
Partial collapse
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Damage on infill walls
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
"Banco Comercial de Manabí ”; 6-story RC frame building
Damage during the May 18,
2016 aftershocks
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Damage during the April 16,
2016 earthquake
Courtesy of Diego Aguirre Burneo (Ecuadorian Inspector)
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
Pounding between buildings
"Contraloría General del Estado" building
affected by two adjacent structures
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
Adjacent slabs at different
heights
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
Restricted differential
movement
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
Structural damage on an RC 3-story building
General view of the structure
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Joint failure and beam detail
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Column failure
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
Attempt to prevent total collapse
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
Plastic hinges evidenced in a 5-story RC building
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
Cases of structural alterations
Ana Gabriela Haro (North Carolina State University)
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo
Cathedral "Jesús del Buen Pastor"
Arturo E. Schultz (University of Minnesota)
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo - Outline
• Introduction
• Damage on Reinforced Concrete Buildings
• Residential and Commercial Buildings
• Churches
• Conclusions
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake
Portoviejo - Conclusions
The failure modes observed in the Ground Zero Portoviejo zone revealed the necessity of enforcing design
and construction codes to improve the seismic structural
performance
of
new
and
existing
buildings
to prevent future catastrophes.
Main causes of damage:
• Extremely flexible RC frame buildings
• Heavy and brittle infill walls
• Lack of robustness and redundancy
• Poor reinforcement detailing
• Poor quality of materials
• Lack of control during construction
EERI LFE Briefing for the April 16, 2016 Ecuador Earthquake