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Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes
Color the cell organelles of plant and animal cells the following colors:
Nucleus – red
Chloroplasts – green
Cytoplasm – yellow Cell wall – brown
Vacuole – purple
Mitochondria – dark blue
DNA – light blue
Plant Cell
Ribosomes – black
Cell membrane – pink
Endoplasmic reticulum - orange
1.
Where is the DNA located?
2. List the organelles in the Plant
Cell.
3. What structures does the plant
cell have that an animal cell does
not?
4. What is the function of the
chloroplast in the plant cell?
Animal Cell
5. Where is the DNA located?
6. List the organelles in the Animal
Cell.
7. Are the plant and animal cells
prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
How do you know?
Color the organelles of the bacteria cell the following colors.
DNA – light blue
Ribosomes – black
Cytoplasm – yellow
Cell membrane – pink
Flagella – gray
8. Where is the DNA located?
Bacterium Cell
9. List the Cell Structures in the
Bacterium Cell.
10. Is the bacterium cell a
prokaryote or eukaryote? How
do you know?
PROKARYOTIC
EUKARYOTIC
BOTH
Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes
What are the similarities and differences between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
SIMILARITIES
PROKARYOTIC CELL
EUKARYOTIC CELL
CYTOPLASM
CELL MEMBRANE
DNA




Both have cell membranes. The cell membrane controls the flow of materials in and out of
the cell.
Both have cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is the liquid substance that fills the cell.
Both have DNA
Both need energy
DIFFERENCES
PROKARYOTIC CELL
Pro = “before”, Karyon = “nucleus”
EUKARYOTIC CELL
Eu = “true”, Karyon = nucleus
Bacterium Cell
Animal Cell
• Smaller
• Less complex and less organized
• Includes few cell structures
• Lacks nucleus – DNA floats freely
• Example organisms: bacteria
Plant Cell
• Larger
• More complex and more organized
• Includes many cell structures
• Has nucleus – DNA enclosed inside
• Example organisms: plants and animals
A CLOSER LOOK AT PROKARYOTIC CELLS
BACTERIUM CELL
CYTOPLASM – liquid that fills the
cell and holds cell structures
CELL MEMBRANE – controls what
materials enter or exit cell
FLAGELLA – enables locomotion
(movement) of cell
RIBOSOMES – make proteins to
process energy
DNA – genetic material that
controls cell’s activities
CHARACTERISTICS OF A PROKARYOTIC CELL
• Small – about 1/10th the size of a eukaryotic cell.
• Simple and not well-organized. - It contains few cell structures such as
ribosomes.
• Lacks nucleus – DNA inside of a prokaryotic cell floats freely around
the cell.
• Prokaryotic cells are either rod, spherical, or spiral shaped.
• Bacteria are examples of single-celled, prokaryotic organisms.
A CLOSER LOOK AT EUKARYOTIC CELLS
ANIMAL CELL
PLANT CELL
CHLOROPLAST – capture light
energy for photosynthesis
CELL MEMBRANE – controls what
materials enter or exit cell
VACUOLE – fluid filled sac used
for storage
MITOCHONDRIA – break down
food to release energy
RIBOSOME – make proteins
NUCLEUS – contains DNA which
controls all cell activities
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM –
moves materials around cell
CYTOPLASM – fluid that fills cell
and holds organelles
CELL WALL – strong, rigid outer
layer for support and protection
CHARACTERISTICS OF A EUKARYOTIC CELL
• Large – about 10 times bigger than prokaryotic cells
• Complex and well-organized
• Includes many cell structures, which perform a specific function within
the cell
• Has nucleus – DNA enclosed inside
• Plants and animals are examples of multi-celled, eukaryotic organisms