Download Circulatory System - Solutions

Circulatory System - Solutions
1. a. Grasshoppers have open circulation system with multiple hearts. The blood is called
hemolymph and is confined to vessels during small portions of its circuit. Most of the
hemolymph remains in the body cavity. The hemolymph does not transport oxygen.
b. The earthworm has a closed circulatory system with five aortic arches that act as hearts.
They have two main vessels that transport blood away from the heart and back to the heart.
The presence of smaller vessels allows for exchange between blood and the cells of the
earthworm. The earthworm does contain an oxygen transporting pigment.
c. Fish have two main chambers and two smaller chambers in their heart. A main artery
leaves the heart and travels to the gills to release carbon dioxide and pick up oxygen. Once the
blood contains oxygen it travels through vessels to all parts of the fish. Blood does not return
back to the heart from the gills.
2. a. Complete circulation involves the separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Incomplete circulation involves the mixing of both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
b. Single circulation means that blood enters the heart only once during its cycle around the
body. Double circulation means that blood flows to two separate systems during its cycle, the
pulmonary and the systemic. Each ventricle pumps blood to separate locations.
3. Mitochondria are the organelles responsible for cellular respiration. Cellular respiration
requires oxygen to proceed. If red blood cells had mitochondria, the oxygen that it is
transporting would be used in the chemical reaction to produce ATP. Oxygen transport would
not exist.
4. Table
Nucleus
Red Blood Cell
No
White Blood Cell
Yes
Platelet
No
Where Produced
Bone Marrow
Bone Marrow
Bone Marrow
Function
Transport gases
Destroy bacteria and viruses
Clot blood